Tachibana Akemi

A poet of the late Edo period. His childhood name was Gosaburo. His given name was Shigetoki, later Naoji. At the age of 43, he changed his name to Akebono. He was the second son of Shogen Goroemon, a distinguished paper merchant from Fukui, Echizen Province, but became the heir to the family. The Shogen family is said to be descendants of Tachibana Moroe, the Left Minister of Ide. His mother was Tsuruko, the third daughter of Yamamoto Heisaburo, a vinegar merchant from Fuchu (Echizen City). He lost his mother at the age of two and was raised by the Yamamoto family. He lost his father at the age of 15, and soon returned home to take over his business, but he aspired to study Japanese classics and became a disciple of Tanaka Daihide, a Japanese classicist who lived in Takayama, Hida, and was a disciple of Motoori Norinaga. In 1846 (Koka 3), at the age of 35, he handed over his family home to his stepbrother Sen and moved to the Asuwa mountainside behind Fukui. At the age of 37, he moved to Mitsuhashi-cho on the outskirts of Fukui and took the name Waraya. Matsudaira Shungaku, the feudal lord, visited the house and received instruction, and gave him the name Shinobu-no-ya. He then sent a messenger to "serve him," but he refused. The next feudal lord, Shigeaki, gave him a stipend of 10 bales of rice per year from 1867 (Keio 3). During the Meiji Restoration, he sent a song of encouragement to the feudal lord's disciples who were going to war, but he died on August 28, 1868. He is buried at Mansho-yama, Daian-ji Temple, Sakai County (Fukui City). His works include "Irorigatari" (1860) and "Shinofunosha Poetry Collection." He was a staunch nationalist, and at the time of his death he expressed a strong desire for the restoration of the monarchy.

[Hidehide Tsujimori]

"The Complete Collection of Japanese Classics: The Munetake and Akebono Poems" (1950, Asahi Shimbun Company), annotated by Toki Yoshimaro ; "Research on Poets of the Past 10: Tachibana Akebono" (1938, Kouseikaku), by Tsujimori Hidehide.

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸後期の歌人。幼名五三郎。諱(いみな)は茂時、のち尚事。43歳のとき曙覧と改名。越前(えちぜん)国福井の名門紙商正玄(しょうげん)五郎右衛門の次男だが家嗣(つ)ぎとなる。正玄家は井手左大臣橘諸兄(たちばなのもろえ)の後裔(こうえい)といわれる。母は府中(ふちゅう)（越前市）酢(す)商山本平三郎三女鶴(つる)子。2歳で母に死別し山本家に養われた。15歳で父に死別し、まもなく家に帰り業を継いだが、国学を志し、飛騨(ひだ)高山在住、本居宣長(もとおりのりなが)門の国学者田中大秀(おおひで)に入門する。1846年（弘化3）35歳のとき家を継弟宣(せん)に譲って、福井の背後の山足羽(あすわ)山腹に移住する。37歳の年、福井郊外三橋(みつはし)町に移り、藁屋(わらや)と号した。藩主松平春岳(しゅんがく)がこの家を訪れて教えを受け、志濃夫廼舎(しのぶのや)の号を与えた。ついで「奉仕せよ」との使いを出したが拒絶した。次の藩主の茂昭が67年（慶応3）から年米十俵の扶持(ふち)を与えた。明治維新の際出征する門下の藩士に激励の歌を送るが、慶応(けいおう)4年8月28日没。坂井(さかい)郡大安寺(だいあんじ)（福井市）万松(まんしょう)山に葬る。『囲炉裡譚(いろりがたり)』（1860）、『志濃夫廼舎歌集』などがある。国粋思想の持ち主であって、臨終のとき王政復古を熱望した。

［辻森秀英］

『土岐善麿校註『日本古典全書　宗武・曙覧歌集』（1950・朝日新聞社）』▽『辻森秀英著『歴代歌人研究10　橘曙覧』（1938・厚生閣）』

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