Flathead flounder

Japanese: アカガレイ - あかがれい(英語表記)flathead flounder
Flathead flounder

A marine fish belonging to the order Pleuronectiformes and family Pleuronectidae of the class Osteichthyes. It is found from Shimane and Miyagi prefectures northward, to Sakhalin and the Kamchatka Peninsula, and from Primorsky Krai to the Korean Peninsula. The eyeless side is red as if it has internal bleeding, hence the name. The mouth is large and opens all the way to the rear edge of the lower eye. The eyed side is uniformly dark brown with no markings.

They usually live on sandy and muddy bottoms at depths of less than 400 meters, but migrate to shallow coastal waters during spawning season. The spawning season is autumn in the San'in region and from January to May of the following year in Hokkaido, with the later the further north the seas. A female, which is 30 centimeters long, can carry 100,000 to 240,000 eggs. The eggs are detached pelagic eggs and do not contain oil globules. The hatched larvae are 3 to 4 millimeters long. Adult fish feed on a variety of creatures including shrimp, squid, shellfish, and small fish. They reach a total length of 13 centimeters in one year and 24 centimeters in five years. They can live for around 15 years, reaching a length of around 40 centimeters. After the age of five, females grow faster than males. There are more females among older fish.

In recent years, the stock has declined, and the development of seedling production technology is underway. It is caught by trawl nets and is suitable for grilling, simmering, and drying, and fresh fish can be eaten as sashimi.

[Kunio Amano]

[Reference item] | Flounder
Major species of flatfish (2) [specimen illustration]
© Tadaaki Ohkata ">

Major species of flatfish (2) [specimen illustration]


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

硬骨魚綱カレイ目カレイ科に属する海水魚。島根県および宮城県以北、樺太(からふと)(サハリン)、カムチャツカ半島までと、沿海州から朝鮮半島にかけて分布する。無眼側は内出血をしたように赤いことからこの名前がある。口は大きく、下眼の後縁まで開く。有眼側は一様に暗褐色で斑紋(はんもん)がない。

 いつもは水深400メートル以浅の砂泥底にすむが、産卵期には沿岸の浅所へ移動する。産卵期は山陰地方では秋、北海道は翌年の1月~5月で、北の海域ほど遅い。全長30センチメートルの雌では10万~24万個の卵をはらむ。卵は分離浮性卵で油球がない。孵化仔魚(ふかしぎょ)は全長3~4ミリメートル。成魚はエビ類、イカ類、貝類、小魚などさまざまな生物を食べる。1年で全長13センチメートル、5年で24センチメートルほどになる。15年ぐらいは生き、40センチメートル前後になる。5歳を過ぎると雄に比べて雌の成長がよくなる。高年魚では雌が多い。

 近年、資源量が低下し、種苗生産の技術の開発が進められている。トロール網で漁獲され、塩焼き、煮つけ、干物に適し、新鮮なものは刺身になる。

[尼岡邦夫]

[参照項目] | カレイ
カレイのおもな種類(2)〔標本画〕
©大片忠明">

カレイのおもな種類(2)〔標本画〕


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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