The Elderly Man - Taijorokun

Japanese: 太上老君 - たいじょうろうくん
The Elderly Man - Taijorokun

This is the honorific title given to Laozi, known as the father of Taoist thought, when he was made a god in Taoism (a Chinese folk religion that began in the second half of the 2nd century). It was first seen in the Weishu (Record of Taoism in the Northern Wei Dynasty in the first half of the 5th century), where Laozi is treated as the supreme deity. However, as the doctrine of Taoism developed, higher deities such as Yuanshi Tianzun (the equivalent of the Dharma body to Laozi's transformation body) and Taishang Daojun (the deification of the "Tao" taught by Laozi) appeared, and Taishang Laojun came to be placed below them. These three deities are called the Triad. Although Laojun is the lower of the Triads, he is loved by the people as the most human deity, and there are still shrines to him in various parts of Southeast Asia today. Laozi's true body is eternally in heaven, but it is said that he manifests on earth when the time is right. Laozi's lifetime as a thinker is one such instance, but he is also said to have manifested to successive generations after him, bestowing scriptures and precepts.

[Haruki Kusuyama]

[References] | Taoism | Laozi

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

道家思想の祖として知られる老子が、道教(2世紀後半に始まる中国の民俗宗教)において神とされたときの尊称。確実なところ『魏(ぎ)書』「釈老志」(5世紀前半の北魏における道教の記録)を初見とし、そこでは最高神として扱われている。しかしその後、道教の教理が発展するに伴い、より高次元の神として元始天尊(げんしてんそん)(応化身(おうげしん)としての老君に対して法身(ほっしん)にあたる)、太上道君(老子の説く「道」の神格化)が出現すると、太上老君はその下に置かれるようになった。以上の三神を三尊という。老君は三尊中の下位にあるとはいえ、もっとも人間的な神として民衆に親しまれ、現在なお東南アジアの各地にその祠廟(しびょう)がある。老君の真身(しんしん)は永遠に天上にあるが、時機に応じて地上に化現(けげん)するとされており、思想家としての老子の在世もその一つに数えられるが、さらにその後も歴代に化現して経典や戒律を授けたと伝えられる。

[楠山春樹]

[参照項目] | 道教 | 老子

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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