Iron meteorite

Japanese: 隕鉄 - いんてつ(英語表記)iron meteorite
Iron meteorite

Meteorites that are mainly composed of iron and nickel alloys account for 5.7% of meteorites that fall to Earth. Meteorites are classified into 15 groups based on their trace element composition. This diversity arose because the evolution of metallic iron in the early solar system stopped at an intermediate stage as it went through various processes such as condensation, accumulation, melting, and recrystallization. For example, a minority group that accounts for 2% of meteorites shows a composition that was frozen after condensing from gas. Another group that accounts for 26% shows a composition that was frozen while dispersed inside the small celestial body, like raisins in a bun, after accumulating to form a small celestial body, but did not reach the core. The majority group, which accounts for the remaining 72%, shows a composition that went through all of these processes, so it can be said to have formed the core of a small celestial body. The size of these small celestial bodies varies from several tens to 300 kilometers in radius, judging from the distribution of nickel in the meteorites. Incidentally, the meteorite discovered in 1890 (Meiji 23) in Nakaniikawa-gujo-cho (formerly Shirahagi-mura), Toyama Prefecture, is a typical core meteorite. It is said that Enomoto Takeaki ordered swordsmith Kunimune to make a "meteor sword" from this meteorite lump (22.7 kilograms) and presented it to the Crown Prince (Emperor Taisho).

[Naoki Onuma]

[Reference] | Meteorite
Shirahagi meteorite
Meteorite No. 2 was discovered in August 1892 (Meiji 25) in Kamiichi Town, Nakaniikawa District, Toyama Prefecture (formerly Shirahagi Village). The photo shows one of the two pieces. ©Toyama City Museum of Science ">

Shirahagi meteorite


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

隕石のうち鉄・ニッケル合金を主体とするものをいい、地球に降下する隕石の5.7%を占める。隕鉄は、その微量成分元素組成に基づいて15グループに細分類されている。この多様性は、金属鉄が原始太陽系の中で、凝縮、集積、溶融、再結晶などの諸過程をたどって進化するとき、その途中の段階で進化が止まったために生じたものである。たとえば、隕鉄の2%を占める少数グループは、ガスから凝縮したまま凍結した組成を示す。26%を占める別のグループは、集積して小天体を形成したが、コアを形成するには至らず、小天体内部に、ぶどうパンの中の干しぶどうのように、分散したまま凍結した組成を示す。残り72%の多数グループは、これらの諸過程をすべて経由した組成を示しているので、小天体のコアを形成していたといえる。これらの小天体の大きさは、隕鉄中のニッケルの分布状態からみて、半径数十~300キロメートル程度で大小さまざまであった。ちなみに、1890年(明治23)富山県中新川(なかにいかわ)郡上市町(旧白萩(しらはぎ)村)で発見された隕鉄は、典型的なコア隕鉄である。榎本武揚(えのもとたけあき)は、刀工国宗(くにむね)に命じてこの隕鉄塊(22.7キログラム)から「流星刀」をつくらせ、皇太子(大正天皇)に献上したと伝えられている。

[小沼直樹]

[参照項目] | 隕石
白萩隕鉄
1892年(明治25)8月に富山県中新川郡上市町(旧、白萩村)で発見された隕鉄2号。写真は、二つに切断されたうちの一つ©富山市科学博物館">

白萩隕鉄


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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