Great Artesian Basin

Japanese: 大鑽井盆地 - だいさんせいぼんち（英語表記）Great Artesian Basin

A vast drilling basin in central-eastern Australia. Its area is about 1.75 million ^km2 . It is the largest drilling basin in the world. It is located in southwest Queensland, New South Wales, South Australia, and the Northern Territory. It is an arid peneplain region with low hills and wide valleys. It is mainly the Darling River and Lake Eyre basins, and the lakes are below sea level, and most of the rivers are intermittent. It is centered on Jurassic lacustrine deposits, and has a syncline structure with a rich aquifer, reaching a maximum depth of more than 2000m. Only about 30% of wells actually flow naturally, and in some cases they gradually stop flowing, and in other cases water cannot be obtained without a pump from the beginning, and many areas are undeveloped. Areas where water can be obtained from drilling wells are used for livestock farming, with cattle farming in the north and sheep farming in the central and southern parts. The water quality is generally not suitable for agriculture. Other artesian and subartesian basins are found in the Murray, Barkly Tableland, Ord and Victoria river basins, the Nullarbor Plain, the Great Sandy Desert (Canning Basin) and the Gascoyne Basin; however, with the exception of the Gascoyne Basin (near Carnarvon), these are little used compared to the Great Artesian Basin.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

オーストラリア中東部の広大な鑽井 (掘抜き井戸) 盆地。面積約 175万 km²。鑽井盆地としては世界最大。クイーンズランド州南西部を中心に，ニューサウスウェールズ州，サウスオーストラリア州，ノーザンテリトリーにまたがる。低い丘と広い谷が連なる準平原状の乾燥地域。おもにダーリング川，エア湖の流域で，湖は海面より低く，河川は大部分が間欠河川。ジュラ紀の湖成堆積層を中心とし，豊かな滞水層を有する向斜層構造が発達し，最も深いところで 2000m以上に達する。実際自噴する井戸は約 30%ほどで，次第に自噴しなくなる場合や，初めからポンプなしには水を得られない場合もあり，未開発地域も多い。鑽井により水を得られるところは牧畜地域となり，北部では牧牛，中・南部では牧羊が行われる。水質は一般に農業には適さない。このほかマリー川流域，バークリー台地，オード川，ビクトリア川流域，ナラボー平原，グレートサンディー砂漠 (キャニング盆地) ，ガスコイン川流域などに鑽井・亜鑽井盆地が発達しているが，ガスコイン川流域 (カーナーボン付近) を除くと，この大鑽井盆地に比べてほとんど利用されていない。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

<<: Third World - tiers monde (French)

>>: Contract for the benefit of a third party