1783‐1841 A 19th century German pharmacist. Born in Neunhaus, he became an apprentice to a pharmacist in Padenborn at the age of 15. In 1820, he opened a pharmacy in Hamelin. While working at the pharmacy, he engaged in research into the "hypnotic substances" contained in opium, and in 1805 he succeeded in isolating and extracting morphine. He published his results twice, in 1805 and 1806, but they did not attract much public attention at the time, and it was not until they were republished in 1817 that they were finally recognized. The isolated morphine was the first plant alkaloid to be extracted as a crystal, and became the basis for the development of pharmacognosy and alkaloid chemistry. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1783‐1841 19世紀のドイツの薬剤師。ノインハウスに生まれ,15歳でパーデンボルンの薬剤師の徒弟となる。1820年,ハーメルンに薬局を開設した。薬局での仕事のかたわら,アヘンに含まれる〈睡眠物質〉の研究に従事し,1805年モルヒネの単離,抽出に成功した。彼はこの結果を05年,06年と2度にわたって発表したが,当時は世の注目を集めることとならず,17年の再出版でようやく認められることとなった。単離されたモルヒネは,結晶として取り出された初めての植物アルカロイドで,生薬学やアルカロイド化学の発展の基礎となった。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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