Zemskii sobor (English spelling)

Japanese: ゼムスキー･ソボル（英語表記）zemskii sobor

A type of estates parliament held in Russia from the mid-16th century to the 17th century. It means "national assembly." It was held to broaden the scope of participation in national politics, gathering representatives of each estate, listening to their opinions, and seeking support for government policies. The first sobor is said to have been convened in 1549 by Grand Prince Ivan IV of Moscow to seek reconciliation between the conflicting estates and to prepare for domestic reforms. Assembly meetings were not held regularly, but were convened by order of the Tsar when necessary. A typical assembly consisted of members of the "Assembly of Nobles" and the "Assembly of Clergy" consisting of high-ranking clergy, as well as government officials, nobles, and representatives of wealthy merchants.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

16世紀半ばから17世紀にかけてロシアで行われた一種の身分制議会。〈全国会議〉の意。国政参加の場を広げようと，各身分の代表を集め，その意見を聞き，政府の政策への支持を求めるために開かれた。対立する諸身分の融和を求め，内政改革を準備するために1549年モスクワ大公イワン4世により召集された会議(ソボル)が最初のものとされる。会議は定期的ではなく，必要に応じツァーリの命令により召集された。典型的な会議の構成は〈貴族会議〉および高位聖職者より成る〈聖職者会議〉の構成員，政府高官と士族および大商人の代表より成った。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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