Management resources - Keiei Shigen (English)

Japanese: 経営資源 - けいえいしげん(英語表記)managerial resources
Management resources - Keiei Shigen (English)

A company's technological capabilities, business management capabilities, marketing capabilities, fund raising capabilities, and other various know-how developed and accumulated within the company are collectively referred to as management resources. Companies use technology to transform physical resources such as factories, equipment, raw materials, and funds, and human resources such as managers, administrators, engineers, and workers, into products, and management resources play an important role in this process. The superiority or inferiority of a company is determined not only by its human and physical resources, but also by its intangible capabilities, known as management resources, which utilize these resources.

This concept of management resources was presented by the British economist E. T. Penrose in The Theory of the Growth of the Firm (1959), and has gradually come to be accepted in the field of corporate growth theory. According to Penrose, companies grow by diversifying their surplus management resources. This is known as management diversification.

In recent years, the concept of management resources has come to be taken up in relation to international capital movements. This is because the impact of the transfer of management resources that accompanies international capital movements on both the investing and host countries has become an issue, as can be seen in the point that the use and transfer of management resources is essential in direct investment, not the transfer of funds itself, as is the case in indirect investment.

[Hikari Aihara]

"The Theory of Corporate Growth, by E.T. Penrose, translated by Genroku Suematsu, 2nd Edition (1980, Diamond Inc.)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

企業のもつ技術力、経営管理能力、マーケティング能力、資金調達力、そのほか企業内で開発・蓄積された種々のノウハウなどを一括して経営資源という。企業は工場・設備・原材料・資金などの物的資源や、経営者・管理者・技術者・労働者などの人的資源を技術を通して商品に転換するわけであるが、そのときに経営資源が重要な役割を果たしている。企業の優劣は、人的、物的資源のほかに、それを活用する経営資源という無形の能力によって決定される。

 このような経営資源の概念は、イギリスの経済学者E・T・ペンローズが『会社成長の理論』The Theory of the Growth of the Firm(1959)で示したもので、企業成長論の分野でしだいに認められるに至った。彼によると、企業は余剰となった経営資源を他に転用することによって成長するという。いわゆる経営の多角化である。

 近年、この経営資源という概念が、国際資本移動に関連して取り上げられるようになった。それは、直接投資においては経営資源の利用および移動が本質的なのであって、間接投資のように資金の移動そのものが本質的なのではない、という指摘にもみられるように、国際資本移動に伴う経営資源の移動が、投資国・投資受入国双方に及ぼす影響などが問題とされるようになってきたからである。

[相原 光]

『E・T・ペンローズ著、末松玄六訳『会社成長の理論』第2版(1980・ダイヤモンド社)』

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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