A passage from Abraham Lincoln's speech in Gettysburg in 1863, "Government of the people, by the people, for the people," clearly expresses the principle of democracy. If we consider that political sovereignty is in the hands of the people, then citizen participation in politics is the core of democratic politics. Through political participation, people communicate their will to policy makers, exert pressure on the government to realize their will, and express their support for the political system. It is said that by participating in politics, people develop into public-spirited, excellent democratic citizens. In that sense, a democracy supported by more political participation is a better democracy. However, there is also an elite democratic view that political participation by citizens who lack the ability to be democratic citizens hinders the stability and efficiency of democratic politics. There are many forms of political participation, and they can be classified as indirect or direct, institutional or non-institutional, central or local, etc. (Ikuo Kabashima, Professor, University of Tokyo / 2007) Source : "Chiezo" published by Asahi Shimbun Publications Co., Ltd. About Chiezo |
1863年にゲティズバーグで行われたエーブラハム・リンカーンの演説の一節、「人民の、人民による、人民のための政治」は民主主義の原則を明快に表明している。政治の主権が国民の手中にあると考えると、国民の政治参加は民主政治の中核をなす。人々は政治参加を通して自分の意思を政策決定者に伝え、その意思を政府に実現させるために圧力をかけたり、政治システムへの支持を表明したりする。人々は政治参加することによって、公共心に富む、優れた民主的市民に成長するともいわれている。その意味では、より多くの政治参加に支えられた民主政治はより良い民主主義ということになる。もっとも、民主的市民としての能力を欠く市民の政治参加は、民主政治の安定や効率性を阻害するというエリート民主主義的な考え方もある。政治参加の形態は多様で、間接的か直接的か、制度的か非制度的か、中央か地方か、などで分類できる。
(蒲島郁夫 東京大学教授 / 2007年) 出典 (株)朝日新聞出版発行「知恵蔵」知恵蔵について 情報 |
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