Suwa clan

Lord of Takashima Domain in Shinano Province. There are various theories about his origins, including that he was a descendant of Takeminakata, a descendant of Emperor Kanmu, or a descendant of the Seiwa Genji clan. He called himself the Miwauji (Suwa clan) and became the Ohoori of Suwa Upper Shrine. During the Kamakura period, he became a subordinate of Hojo Tokuso and became the center of the Shinto Party (a group of warriors in Shinano). After the downfall of the Hojo clan, he became the center of the Nakasendai Rebellion (1335). During the Muromachi period, he defeated the Kanazashi clan, the Ohoori of Suwa Lower Shrine, and took control of the entire Suwa district. In 1542 (Tenbun 11), the family was destroyed by Takeda Harunobu (Takeda Shingen), but after the Honnoji Incident, a member of the family, Suwa Yoritada, recovered his former territory and became subordinate to Tokugawa Ieyasu. In 1590 (Tensho 18), following Ieyasu's transfer of fief, the family moved to Musashi Province, and later to Kozuke Province. In 1601 (Keicho 6), Yoritada's son, Yorimizu, returned to Suwa and was granted a fief of 27,000 koku. Due to his achievements in the Siege of Osaka, he was granted an additional 5,000 koku, but in 1657 (Meireki 3), the 2,000 koku was divided between two families, and he inherited a total of 30,000 koku. A branch family included the Suwa family, the Suwakamisha Daiiwai, and 17 other hatamoto families. In the Meiji period, the family was made a viscount.

[Kiyoei Asakawa]

"The History of Suwa, Volumes 2-4" (1931-66, Suwa Education Association) "The History of Suwa" (1982, Suwa Education Association)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

信濃国(しなののくに)高島藩主。建御名方(たけみなかた)神の子孫、桓武天皇(かんむてんのう)の子孫、清和源氏(せいわげんじ)の末など諸説がある。神氏(みわうじ)（諏訪氏）を称し、諏訪上社大祝(おおほうり)となる。鎌倉時代、北条得宗(ほうじょうとくそう)の御内人(みうちびと)となり、神党（信濃の武士団）の中心となった。北条氏滅亡後、中先代(なかせんだい)の乱（1335）の中心となる。室町時代、諏訪下社大祝金刺(かなざし)氏を倒し、諏訪郡一円を領した。1542年（天文11）武田晴信(たけだはるのぶ)（武田信玄(しんげん)）に滅ぼされたが、本能寺の変後、一族の諏訪頼忠(よりただ)が旧領を回復し、徳川家康に属した。1590年（天正18）家康の移封に伴い武蔵国(むさしのくに)に移り、のち上野国(こうずけのくに)に移った。1601年（慶長6）頼忠の子頼水(よりみず)が諏訪に帰り、2万7000石を領した。大坂の陣の功により5000石加増されたが、1657年（明暦3）2000石を2家に分知、3万石を継承した。分家に諏訪上社大祝諏方(すわ)家と、旗本17家があった。明治に至り子爵となった。

［浅川清栄］

『『諏訪史　2～4巻』（1931～66・諏訪教育会）』▽『『諏訪の歴史』（1982・諏訪教育会）』

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