styrene

C ₈ H ₈ (104.15). Also called styrene and phenylethene. An aromatic with an unsaturated hydrocarbon side chain. It is present in small amounts in the pyrolysis products of coal and petroleum hydrocarbons. It is mainly produced industrially using ethylbenzene as the raw material. Currently, there are two production methods in operation: direct dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene using an iron-chromium-potassium catalyst at high temperatures (590 °C or higher) in the presence of steam, and a method in which ethylbenzene is first oxidized to produce a peroxide, which is then reduced with a hydrocarbon (such as propene) to produce an alcohol, which is then dehydrated. In the latter case, useful oxides (such as propylene oxide) can be co-produced during the reduction. Another method is to separate it from the hydrocarbon oil that is a by-product of ethene production. Flammable, colorless liquid with a distinctive odor. Melting point -30.63 °C, boiling point 145.14 °C. 0.90122. 1.54395. Explosive range 1.1 to 6.1% by volume. Soluble in various organic solvents, insoluble in water. Extremely reactive, so requires the addition of polymerization inhibitors during storage. An important intermediate in the petrochemical industry, with many derived products. The main ones are styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), polystyrene, ABS resin, etc. [CAS 100-42-5]

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

C₈H₈(104.15)．スチロール，フェニルエテンともいう．不飽和炭化水素の側鎖をもつ芳香族の一つ．石炭および石油系炭化水素の熱分解生成物中に少量存在する．工業的製法は，おもにエチルベンゼンを原料とする方法である．現在，操業されている製造法には，高温(590 ℃ 以上)，スチーム存在下で鉄-クロム-カリウム系触媒を用いたエチルベンゼンの直接脱水素法と，エチルベンゼンを一度酸化して過酸化物をつくり，炭化水素(プロペンなど)で還元してアルコールとし，さらにこれを脱水する方法とがある．後者の場合には還元の際に有用な酸化物(酸化プロピレンなど)を併産することができる．ほかにエテン製造の際に副生する炭化水素油から分離する方法もある．引火性，特臭を有する無色の液体．融点－30.63 ℃，沸点145.14 ℃．0.90122．1.54395．爆発範囲1.1～6.1体積％．各種有機溶剤に可溶，水に不溶．反応性がきわめて高いため，貯蔵には重合防止剤の添加を必要とする．重要な石油化学工業の中間体で，数多くの誘導製品がある．おもなものは，スチレン-ブタジエンゴム(SBR)，ポリスチレン，ABS樹脂などである．[CAS 100-42-5]

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