Sturgeon, William

Japanese: スタージャン(英語表記)Sturgeon, William
Sturgeon, William
Born: 22 May 1783, Whittington, Lancashire
[Died] December 4, 1850, Prestwich British electrical engineer and inventor. After leaving the army, he ran a shoe manufacturing business while giving experimental lectures on electricity. In 1824 he became a teacher at the military academy. The following year he created the first electromagnet, a horseshoe-shaped iron pole wrapped 18 times with varnished copper wire, which was capable of lifting 4 kg of iron with a single battery. In 1832 he created an electric motor and invented the commutator. In 1836 he invented the moving-coil ammeter and founded the monthly journal Annals of Electricity. He also conducted research into air electricity using kites, improved the voltaic cell, and researched thermoelectricity.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1783.5.22. ランカシャー,ウィッティントン
[没]1850.12.4. プレストウィッチ
イギリスの電気技術者,発明家。陸軍除隊後靴製造業を営むかたわら,電気学の実験講義を行なった。 1824年士官学校の教師。翌年最初の電磁石を作製。馬蹄形軟鉄にニスで絶縁した銅線を 18回巻きつけたもので,1個の電池で 4kgの鉄を持上げた。 32年に電動機をつくり,整流子を発明。 36年には可動コイル型電流計を発明するとともに月刊誌『電気学紀要』 Annals of Electricityを創刊。また凧 (たこ) を用いた空中電気の研究,ボルタ電池の改良,熱電気の研究も行なった。

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