It refers to the act and result of trying to compromise between different religions, philosophical and theological positions of people with different backgrounds. The etymology is synkrētismos, which refers to the Cretans' decision to stop fighting among themselves and join forces to fight against foreign enemies. In a narrower sense, it refers to the attempt by Neoplatonists in the Hellenistic period and the end of the Roman Empire to identify different gods based on mere similarities in appearance, and the Alexandrian school is particularly famous for this. The attempts to harmonize the Aristotelian and Platonic schools, the liturgical debates of the Jesuits in China, and the efforts of Christian missionaries to indigenize can all be considered types of syncretism. The phenomenon of syncretism can be seen in all cultures, including Buddhism, Islam, and the religions of India and China. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
違った背景をもち,互いに異質の宗教や哲学的・神学的立場を妥協させようとする行為またその結果をいう。語源は,内部で抗争していたクレタ島人が争いをやめて外敵に共同であたったことをさす synkrētismosである。狭義にはヘレニズム期およびローマ帝国末期に異質の神々を単なる外観などの類似から同一化しようとした新プラトン主義者たちの試みをいい,特にアレクサンドリア学派のそれが有名。アリストテレス学派とプラトン学派などの調和の企てや,中国でのイエズス会の典礼論争,キリスト教宣教師の土着化の努力などは,シンクレティズムの一種といえよう。仏教,イスラム教,インドや中国の宗教をはじめあらゆる文化には,シンクレティズムの現象がみられる。
出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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