Statute of limitations - statute of limitations

Japanese: 除斥期間 - じょせききかん
Statute of limitations - statute of limitations

The duration of rights established to quickly determine rights. This concept does not appear in the text, but is recognized in precedents and academic theory. For example, the duration of rights attached to the buyer's right to cancel or right to claim a reduction in the purchase price in the seller's warranty (Civil Code Articles 564 and 566), and the time limit for claims for the recovery of stolen or lost property (Civil Code Article 193). It is similar to a statute of limitations, but differs in that it is a fixed period that cannot be interrupted, and that the court must decide on the right as having been extinguished after the lapse of this period, even if it is not invoked. It is commonly held and precedented that rights with a statute of limitations are preserved if they are exercised outside of court within that period, but there is also a strong theory that a lawsuit must be filed within that period.

[Takahisa Awaji]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

権利関係を速やかに確定するために設けられた権利の存続期間。条文のなかにこの概念は出てこないが、判例・学説上認められている。たとえば、売り主の担保責任のところで買い主の解除権や代金減額請求権などにつけられた権利の存続期間(民法564条・566条)とか、盗品・遺失物の回復請求の期間制限(同法193条)など。時効と類似するが、中断ということがない固定期間であること、および、援用がなくても裁判所はこの期間が経過すれば、権利が消滅したものとして裁判しなければならない点で、それとは異なる。除斥期間の定められた権利は、その期間内に裁判外の行使があれば権利が保全される、とするのが通説・判例であるが、その期間内に訴えを提起しなければならない、とする有力説もある。

[淡路剛久]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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