Earth rhythm - Earth rhythm

Japanese: 地拍子 - じびょうし

A term related to rhythm in Noh. It is a method of singing Noh lyrics to rhythm, based on the "honji" style, in which one phrase is assigned to eight beats. There are various types of Noh, such as "hiranori," in which 12 syllables are assigned to one phrase in the 7-5 rhythm, "chu-nori," in which up to 16 syllables are assigned to one beat, "o-nori," in which 8 syllables are assigned to one beat, and "wataribyoushi," which is a special type of "hiranori." There are also phrases that are incomplete compared to honji, such as the four-beat "tori," the six-beat "kataji," and the two-beat "okuri," and depending on how these are combined the position at which the singing begins can vary for each phrase; when it starts from the eighth beat of the previous phrase it is called "hansei," when it starts from the eighth and a half beat it is called "honma," when it starts from the first beat it is called "ataru ya no ma," when it starts from the first and a half beat it is called "ya no ma," when it starts from the second beat it is called "yaa no ma," when it starts from the second and a half beat it is called "yawo no ma," when it starts from the third beat it is called "ata yao ha no ma," and when it starts from the third and a half beat it is called "yaoha no ma."

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

能楽のリズムに関する用語。謡の詞章をリズムに乗せてうたうための方式で，1句を8個の拍にあてた「本地 (ほんじ) 」を基本とし，その8拍のうちに七五調の1句 12音節をあてはめた「平ノリ」，1拍2音節の割合で 16音節までをあてはめた「中ノリ」，1拍1音節の割合で8音節をあてはめた「大ノリ」，平ノリの特殊なものとしての渡り拍子などの区別がある。また4拍の「トリ」，6拍の「片地」，2拍の「オクリ」のような，本地に比べて不完全な1句もあり，それらの組合せによって句ごとにうたい出しの位置が異なることがあるが，前句の第8拍から出る場合を「半声」といい，第8拍半から出るものを「本間」，第1拍からのものを「当 (あたる) ヤの間」，第1拍半からを「ヤの間」，第2拍からを「ヤアの間」，第2拍半からを「ヤヲの間」，第3拍からを「当ヤヲハの間」，第3拍半からを「ヤヲハの間」という。

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