A general term for the various schools established by Socrates' disciples, each of whom inherited an aspect of their master's philosophy. These include the Cynic school, which began with Antisthenes and advocated asceticism and frugality, the Cyrenian school, which began with Aristippus and considered pleasure to be the highest good, and the Megarian school, which began with Euclides and excelled in logical debate. Socrates' philosophy was nothing less than the entire path of dialogue in the pursuit of knowledge, but these people fixed only parts of it as a way of life or a doctrine. It also became the source of the later Stoics and Epicureans. [Tanaka Takahide] [References] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ソクラテスの弟子たちが、師の哲学の一面をそれぞれに受け継いでたてた諸学派の総称。アンティステネスに始まり禁欲と質素を旨とするキニコス学派、アリスティッポスに始まり快楽を最高善と考えたキレネ学派、さらにエウクレイデスに始まり論理的な問答を得意としたメガラ学派などがある。ソクラテスの哲学は、知を求める対話の道の全体にほかならなかったが、これらの人々はその一部分を、生き方としてあるいは主義として固定化した。後のストア学派やエピクロス学派の源流にもなった。 [田中享英] [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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