The magnitude relationship ≦ for real numbers has the following properties: (1) a ≦ a (reflexive law), (2) if a ≦ b , b ≦ c , then a ≦ c (transitive law), (3) if a ≦ b , b ≦ a , then a = b (antisymmetric law). Generalizing this, when the relationship ≦ is determined for a set M and it has the above properties (1), (2), and (3), M is said to be an ordered set. If we fix a set S and decide that for subsets A and B of S , if A ⊆ B , then A ≦ B , then the set T of all subsets of S becomes an ordered set. However, for example, if we take two distinct elements s and t of δ and set A = { s } and B = { t }, then neither A ⊆ B nor B ⊆ A. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
実数の大小関係≦は次の性質をもっている。(1)a≦a(反射律),(2)a≦b,b≦cならば,a≦c(推移律),(3)a≦b,b≦aならば,a=b(反対称律)。これを一般化して,集合Mに関係≦が定まっていて,上記(1)(2)(3)の性質をもつとき,Mは順序集合であるという。一つの集合Sを固定して,Sの部分集合A,Bについて,A⊆Bのとき,A≦Bと決めれば,Sの部分集合全体の集合Tは順序集合になる。しかし,例えばδの相異なる二元s,tを取って,A={s},B={t}とすれば,A⊆BでもB⊆Aでもない。
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