Shudraka - Śūdraka (English spelling)

Japanese: シュードラカ - しゅーどらか(英語表記)Śūdraka
Shudraka - Śūdraka (English spelling)

Dates of birth and death unknown. An ancient Indian playwright active around the 3rd century. Said to be the author of the Sanskrit play Mrityakatika (The Earthen Cart), he is said to have been a learned and virtuous king who lived to the ripe old age of 100. The 10-act play, also called Basantasena after the heroine, has as its theme a love affair between a fallen merchant and a prostitute. Up until the fourth act, it is almost entirely adapted from Bhasa's play Charudatta. Many of the scenes are of everyday life and are highly varied, with many characters, elements of tragedy and comedy, and a unique work among classical plays in that it uses over twenty different Prakrit words.

[Tanaka Otoya]

"Iwamoto Yutaka, World Literature Series 4: Indian Collection: Earthen Cart" (1959, Chikuma Shobo)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

生没年不詳。3世紀ごろ活躍した古代インドの劇作家。サンスクリット劇『ムリッチャカティカー』(土の小車)の作者といわれ、100歳の長寿を全うした学徳円満の王と伝えられる。10幕からなるこの劇は、ヒロインの名をとって『バサンタセーナー』ともよばれ、零落した商人と遊女の恋愛を主題とする。第4幕まではバーサの戯曲『チャールダッタ』をほとんどそのまま取り入れている。場面の多くは市井のできごとで変化に富み、登場人物も多く、悲劇・喜劇的要素を備え、二十数種のプラークリット語を使用した古典劇中特異の作品。

[田中於莵弥]

『岩本裕訳『世界文学大系4 インド集 土の小車』(1959・筑摩書房)』

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