An industry where demand is declining. This can be seen when an industry has passed the maturity stage of its development and no longer has vigorous demand, or when traditional demand is eroded by the emergence of new industries that take advantage of technological innovation, or the import of highly competitive foreign products. In Japan, typical examples include the coal industry, which declined due to the progress of the energy revolution, and the textile industry, which lost its comparative advantage due to competition with foreign products. This is a relative concept based on historical and social conditions, and while an industry may be in decline in a more developed country, it often has growth potential in a less developed country. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
需要が傾向的に減少している産業。産業の発展段階からみて成熟期を過ぎてしまい,活発な需要が発生しない場合や,技術革新などを利用した新しい産業の登場,あるいは外国の競争力の強い競合商品の輸入などによって従来の需要が侵食される場合などにみられる。日本ではエネルギー革命の進展によって衰退した石炭産業や外国製品との競争により比較優位を失った繊維産業などがその代表例とされている。歴史的,社会的な条件に基づく相対的な概念で,発展段階の進んだ国では斜陽産業であっても,発展の遅れた国では成長性をもつ場合が多い。
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