In Java, Indonesia, this term refers to a master of cockfighting, or by extension, pencak, silat, or other traditional martial arts. Martial arts are considered to be a method of attaining the knowledge of Javanese mysticism (kebatinan), especially immortality, and for this reason, jago, along with a teacher of Javanese mysticism (guru) and a teacher of Islamic schools (kyai), were considered to be outside the secular power order. Historically, jago was a general term for people who lived between the legal and illegal worlds, making a living through gambling or cockfighting, but today it means a scoundrel, a prankster, or an outsider, and is a category of personality type that transcends the hierarchical Javanese social order based on the binary opposition between harus (elegant, refined) and kasar (vulgar, crude). Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
インドネシアのジャワ島において,闘鶏,転じてプンチャック,シラットなど伝統的武芸の達人のことをいう。武芸はジャワ神秘主義(クバティナン)の知,とりわけ不死身術にいたる方法とされ,このためジャゴは,ジャワ神秘主義の師(グル),イスラム塾の教師(キアイ)と並んで,世俗の権力秩序の外にある存在とされた。ジャゴは歴史的には,合法と非合法のはざまで,賭博,闘鶏などを生業とする者たちの総称であったが,今日では,ならず者,いたずら者,はみ出し者を意味し,ハルス(優雅,洗練)とカサル(野卑,粗野)の二項対立を基軸するジャワの階序的社会秩序を超えたパーソナリティ・タイプの範疇となっている。
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