Decalogue; Ten Commandments

Japanese: 十戒 - じっかい(英語表記)Decalogue; Ten Commandments
Decalogue; Ten Commandments
The Ten Commandments of Moses. The original meaning of the Hebrew is "ten words"' aśereth hadebarîm (Exodus 34:38, Deuteronomy 4:13). At Mount Sinai, God told Moses that He was Yahweh, the God of the Israelites, and promised to bestow His blessings on those who loved Him and kept His commandments for a thousand generations. He also gave Moses ten commandments regarding his love for God: (1) to have no other gods but Yahweh, (2) to not take the name of the Lord God in vain, (3) to remember the Sabbath day and keep it holy, and (4) to honor one's father and mother, (5) not to murder, (6) not to commit adultery, (7) not to steal, (8) not to bear false witness, (9) not to covet another's wife, and (10) not to covet another's property (Exodus 20). The Ten Commandments, which are presented in the Old Testament as the words of the covenant between God and the people of Israel, have been inherited in the New Testament as something to be fulfilled by Jesus (Matthew 5), and it is believed that all of them were engraved in the hearts of each person by God based on their humanity (Romans 2:15). However, the Ten Commandments currently presented in the Bible have been added later, and their original form and historical origin are major issues.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
モーセの十戒。ヘブライ語の原義は「10の言葉」‘ aśereth hadebarîm (出エジプト記 34・38,申命記4・13) 。シナイ山において神はモーセにみずからがイスラエルの民の神ヤハウェであることを告げ,神を愛しその戒めを守る者には千代に及ぶまで恩恵を施すと約して,神に対する愛について (1) ヤハウェのほかなにものをも神としないこと,(2) 主なる神の名をみだりに呼ばないこと,(3) 安息日を記憶してこれを聖とすること,また他人に対する愛について,(4) 父母を敬うこと,(5) 殺さないこと,(6) 姦淫しないこと,(7) 盗まないこと,(8) 偽証しないこと,(9) 他人の妻を恋慕しないこと,(10) 他人の所有物を貪らないことの 10の戒めを示された (出エジプト記 20章) 。旧約聖書において神とイスラエルの民との契約の言葉として示された十戒は新約聖書においてもイエスにより成就さるべきものとして継受されており (マタイ福音書5章) ,またそのすべてが人間性に基づき神より各人の心に刻まれたものとして確信されている (ローマ書2・15) 。ただし現在聖書中に示される十戒には後世の加筆があり,原型の形式と歴史的起源が大きな問題となっている。

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