Shika Wakashu - Shika Wakashu

The sixth imperially commissioned anthology of waka poetry during the Heian period. Ten volumes. Compiled by Fujiwara no Akisuke at the command of Emperor Sutoku. Seven years after the order was given in 1144 (Ten'yo 1), it was completed in 1151 (Nihei 1), and at the Emperor's request, seven more poems were cut to create the second anthology of 409 poems. It is the smallest of all imperially commissioned anthologies. Akisuke's anthology emphasized the poets of the previous era and avoided risky ideas, but Emperor Sutoku was particularly passionate about the art of waka poetry, and showed his enthusiasm for incorporating the new trends of the time and hosting the "Kyuan Hyakushu" (100 Poems of the Kyūan Era) to use as material for the anthology, so he was apparently dissatisfied with the outcome of the anthology. Akisuke was also a poet with a wide range of interests and an understanding of new trends, but Seigi's imperial anthologies valued refined, elegant lyricism and fresh, refined, and elegant contemplation, so the tone of the anthologies was somewhat conservative. Nevertheless, humor based on the easy inheritance of ancient and modern wit and unconventional expressions are scattered throughout, which damages the dignity of the anthologies. Various criticisms arose regarding the disregard for contemporary poets such as Fujiwara no Shunzei, Tadamichi, Ienari, and Norinaga, and their lack of thorough respect for the ancient and modern eras. In response to this, Jakucho's Goyoshu and Fujiwara no Norinaga's Shui Kokin were selected.

[Junichi Kondo]

"Shikashu, edited by Inoue Muneo and Katano Tatsuro (1970, Kasama Shoin)" ▽ "Study of Shikashu, by Matsuda Takeo (1960, Shibundo)" ▽ "Collected Works of Taniyama Shigeru 3: Senzai Wakashu and its Surroundings" (1982, Kadokawa Shoten)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

平安朝第6番目の勅撰(ちょくせん)和歌集。10巻。崇徳院(すとくいん)の下命で、藤原顕輔(あきすけ)が撰進した。1144年（天養1）下命ののち7年を経て、51年（仁平1）に完成、院の意志でさらに7首を削って409首の第二次精撰本が完成。もっとも小規模な勅撰集である。顕輔の撰集は、前代歌人を重視し、冒険を避けたが、崇徳院はことに歌道に熱心で、当代の新風も摂取、撰集資料源にあてるべく「久安(きゅうあん)百首」を催すなどの意欲をみせていたため、集のできばえには不満を抱いたらしい。顕輔も新風に理解を示す幅広い歌人であったが、晴儀の勅撰集には、洗練された格調の高い叙情、清新で気品をたたえた優美な観照を尊んだため、集の基調はやや保守的な姿にまとまった。それでも古今風の機知の安易な継承にたつ諧謔(かいぎゃく)や、新奇な表現も散見され、集の品格を損ずることにもなっている。藤原俊成(しゅんぜい)、忠通(ただみち)、家成(いえなり)、教長(のりなが)ら、当代歌人の軽視や、古今尊重の不徹底に対する種々の論難も現れ、これに対抗して寂超の『後葉集』、藤原教長の『拾遺古今』が撰(えら)ばれた。

［近藤潤一］

『井上宗雄・片野達郎校注『詞花和歌集』（1970・笠間書院）』▽『松田武夫著『詞花集の研究』（1960・至文堂）』▽『『谷山茂著作集3　千載和歌集とその周辺』（1982・角川書店）』

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