Shika (English spelling) sahwa

Japanese: 士禍 - しか（英語表記）sahwa

This refers to a series of conflicts that occurred between old and new bureaucrats in the early Joseon dynasty (Yi dynasty). The four major samurai disasters were the Bo-o, Ga-ja, Gi-mo, and Itsu-shi years. In the Bo-o samurai disaster in the 4th year of King Yeonsangun's reign (1498), Sirin from Kim Jong-jo's faction was executed after being slandered by Ryu Ja-gwang and others over the issue of the compilation of the Annals of Seongjong. In the Ga-ja samurai disaster in the 10th year of the same year, the court's close aides purged the Hun-gu and Kim Jong-jo factions over the issue of deposing the empress. In the Gi-mo samurai disaster in the 14th year of Jungjong's reign (1519), Sirin from Jo Gwang-jo's faction was executed and exiled by Nam-pyeong and others over the issue of removing false honors. The Eulsa Sadagai in the 1st year of King Myeongjong's reign (45th year of the reign) was a dispute over the succession to the throne, and the Daeyuin faction was executed by the Soyuin faction. The pretext for these Sadagai was that it was about etiquette towards the King and Queen, and loyalty to the monarch. The main body of the struggle was not simply a conspiracy by a small number of people within the palace, but a dispute involving open debate among many people based on their own factions. This Sadagai was a struggle for power among the bureaucratic class, but behind it was a class struggle over the ownership of land and slaves.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

朝鮮，朝鮮王朝 (李朝) 前期，新旧官僚間に起った一連の抗争をいう。代表的なものとして，戊午，甲子，己卯 (きぼう) ，乙巳 (いつし) の四大士禍がある。燕山君4 (1498) 年の戊午の士禍は『成宗実録』編纂の史草問題で金宗直一派の士林が柳子光らの讒言にあい，処刑された。同 10年の甲子の士禍は，宮廷の側近勢力が廃妃追崇問題で勲旧派と金宗直一派を粛清した。中宗 14 (1519) 年の己卯の士禍は，偽勲削除問題を機に南袞らによって，趙光祖一派の士林が死刑，流配された。明宗1 (45) 年の乙巳の士禍は，王位継承を問題にして，大尹一派が小尹一派の手で処刑された。これらの士禍の口実が国王，王后に対する礼，君主に対する忠誠を問題にしている点は共通している。また闘争の主体は単なる宮廷内部の少人数の陰謀ではなく，おのおの党派を基礎にした多人数の公然たる論議を伴った争いであった。この士禍は官僚層の権力争奪であるが，その背景に土地・奴婢所有をめぐる階層間の抗争があった。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

<<: Zixia - Shika

>>: Deer - Deer