Jenny - François Gény

Japanese: ジェニー - じぇにー(英語表記)François Gény
Jenny - François Gény

French legal scholar. He taught civil law at the University of Dijon (1891-1901) and the University of Nancy (1901-1925). In his work Methods of Interpretation and Sources of Law in Private Positive Law (1899), he criticized the mainstream of legal studies, which assumed the completeness of legal codes and tried to solve all legal problems by deductive deduction from the codes, and proposed a new method of interpretation. He recognized only a limited role for codes and customary law, and argued that when codes and customary law cannot provide a solution, judges should find a new solution through "free scientific inquiry" (libre recherche scientifique). Later, in his magnum opus Science and Technology in Private Positive Law (4 volumes, 1915-1924), he provided a philosophical foundation for this free scientific inquiry. Along with Saleilles, who advocated an evolutionary interpretation of legal codes, Jenny can be said to have contributed to providing a new approach to legal hermeneutics at the beginning of the 20th century, a time when social change was finally becoming evident.

[Yasuyuki Takahashi]

[Reference item] | Free Law Movement

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

フランスの法学者。ディジョン大学(1891~1901)およびナンシー大学(1901~1925)で民法を担当する。彼は『実定私法における解釈方法と法源』(1899)において、従来の法学界の主流が法典の完結性を前提とし、すべての法的問題を法典からの演繹(えんえき)によって解決しようとする立場をとるのを批判し、新しい解釈方法を提唱した。彼は法典および慣習法には限定された役割しか認めず、法典および慣習法によって解決が与えられない場合には、裁判官は「自由な科学的探究」libre recherche scientifiqueによって新しい解決をみいだすべきであると説く。のちに大著『実定私法における科学と技術』4巻(1915~1924)において、この科学的自由探究に哲学的基礎を与えた。法典の進化的解釈を唱えたサレイユと並んで、ジェニーは、社会の変化がようやく顕著になった20世紀初頭における法解釈学に、新しい方法を与えることに寄与したといえる。

[高橋康之]

[参照項目] | 自由法運動

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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