Magnesium oxide

Japanese: 酸化マグネシウム - さんかまぐねしうむ(英語表記)magnesium oxide
Magnesium oxide

A compound of magnesium and oxygen. It is also called "kudo" (magnesium oxide). The industrial product is called "magnesia" and the pharmaceutical product is called "magnesia usta."

Magnesium is obtained by heating metallic magnesium in air, but industrially it is produced by calcining magnesium carbonate (magnesite), magnesium hydroxide carbonate, magnesium hydroxide, etc. It is a white crystalline solid. It is relatively chemically inert, especially when it is treated at high temperatures. It is only slightly soluble in water, but soluble in dilute acids. In air, it absorbs water and carbon dioxide and gradually becomes magnesium hydroxide carbonate. It has an extremely high reflectivity for visible and near-ultraviolet light, and is used as a reflector in optical instruments or as a white standard. Industrially, it is important as a raw material for magnesia cement, steelmaking furnace material, and refractory bricks. It is also used as a rubber compounding agent and in medicines (antacid, laxative).

[Torii Yasuo]

[References] | Calcination | Antacids [Supplementary Materials] | Magnesium oxide (Data Note)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

マグネシウムと酸素の化合物。苦土(くど)ともいい、工業製品をマグネシア、医薬品をマグネシアウスタともいう。

 金属マグネシウムを空気中で熱すると得られるが、工業的には、炭酸マグネシウム(マグネサイト)、水酸化炭酸マグネシウム、水酸化マグネシウムなどを煆焼(かしょう)して製造する。白色結晶性固体。化学的には比較的不活性で、高温処理したものはとくにこの傾向が著しい。水にわずかにしか溶けないが、希酸には溶ける。空気中で水および炭酸ガスを吸収し、徐々に水酸化炭酸マグネシウムとなる。可視および近紫外光に対する反射能がきわめて大きく、光学機械の反射体、あるいは白色標準として用いられる。工業的には、マグネシアセメントの原料、製鋼炉材、耐火れんがの原料として重要である。ゴム配合剤、医薬(制酸剤、緩下剤)としての用途もある。

[鳥居泰男]

[参照項目] | か焼 | 制酸剤[補完資料] | 酸化マグネシウム(データノート)

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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