A stringed instrument. It has the lowest range of the violin family. It is also called a double bass. Its external shape is almost the same as other instruments in the violin family, but it retains some vestiges of the viol family, and generally the shoulders of the body are gentle and the upper part of the body is slightly extended to fit the neck. Some instruments have less bulging of the back plate. It is about 2 meters long. The pegs are geared to handle the high tension of the strings. To reduce the burden on the left hand, the strings are tuned in fourth intervals, and a four-stringed double bass is tuned E 2 -A 2 -D 3 -G 3 , but there are also many instruments with a device that can lower the E string to C if necessary, and five-string instruments with a separate C string. Until the classical period, it was often used as an eighth below the cello, but it gradually gained a unique position and is sometimes used for solo performances. When used in jazz and other genres, it is called a double bass or bass, and is primarily played using the pizzicato technique, which involves plucking the strings. [Maekawa Haruhisa] ©Shogakukan "> Contrabass Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
弦楽器。バイオリン属のなかで最低音域を受け持つ。ダブルベースともよばれる。外形はバイオリン属の他の楽器とほぼ同じだが、ビオール属の名残(なごり)をややとどめ、一般に胴の肩の部分がなだらかで、胴の上部が棹(さお)に沿う形ですこし伸びている。一部には裏板の膨らみの少ないものもある。全長約2メートル。糸巻は弦の大きな張力に対応するために歯車式になっている。左手の負担を減らすために調弦は4度間隔で、4弦のコントラバスではE2-A2-D3-G3に調弦されるが、必要に応じてE線をCにまで下げられる装置がついたものや、C線を別にもつ5弦の楽器も多く用いられる。古典派時代まではチェロの8度下を重ねる使われ方が多かったが、しだいに独自の地位を獲得し、ときには独奏にも用いられる。ジャズなどに使われるときはウッド・ベースもしくはベースとよばれ、弦をはじくピッチカート奏法が中心になる。 [前川陽郁] ©Shogakukan"> コントラバス 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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