Five tribes and five parts - Gozokugobu

Japanese: 五族･五部 - ごぞくごぶ

The royal capital and local military and administrative divisions of ancient Korean Goguryeo. The Five Tribes were the former small states of the Donggang River basin, a tributary of the Yalu River, around the 1st century BCE, such as the Jeonbu, Jeobu, Sunbu, Kannubu, and Gyelubu. The Five Tribes united to form Goguryeo, and their territories became the royal capital. The influential members of the Five Tribes became the nobles of Goguryeo, and national affairs such as the dethronement of kings were decided in a nobles' council. Each noble led his own tribe and had his own private army. When the capital was moved to Pyongyang in 427, the Five Tribes were renamed the Five Divisions of Nae, To, Se, Sa, and Nae, or the Five Divisions of Hwang, Front, Back, Left, and Right.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

朝鮮古代の高句麗の王畿および地方の軍政･行政区画。五族は前1世紀ごろ鴨緑江の支流佟佳江流域にいた涓奴部，絶奴部，順奴部，灌奴部，桂婁部などの旧小国をいい，この五族を中心に連合して高句麗を形成し，それらの領域を王畿とした。五族の有力者たちが高句麗の貴族となり，王の廃立など国政を貴族会議で決定し，貴族はそれぞれ部内を統率し，私兵を擁していた。427年平壌に遷都すると，五族は内･東･西･南･北の五部，あるいは黄･前･後･左･右の五部と改称した。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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