A heating method that uses electromagnetic fields with relatively high frequencies. It is also called a radio heater. Depending on whether the material to be heated is a dielectric or a conductor, it is divided into dielectric heating and induction heating. The frequency used for the former is from several megahertz to several thousand megahertz, while the latter is up to a few megahertz. Dielectric heating utilizes the heat generated by dielectric loss, and is used in microwave ovens and high-frequency sewing machines, as well as drying and gluing wood, processing vinyl, textile products, and rubber products, as well as preventing mold in sweets, making rice crackers rise, manufacturing dried foods, and thawing frozen meat. Induction heating utilizes the Joule heat of the secondary current generated by electromagnetic induction, and frequencies from a few kilohertz to 1 megahertz are used for hardening steel surfaces and melting iron, while frequencies above 1 megahertz are used for heating and melting trace metals in a vacuum. [Michinori Iwata] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
比較的高い周波数の電磁界を利用した加熱方法。ラジオヒーターともよぶ。被加熱材料が誘電体であるか、導体であるかによって、誘電加熱と誘導加熱とに分かれる。使用される周波数は、前者は数メガ~数千メガヘルツまで、後者は数メガヘルツ程度までである。 誘電加熱は誘電損失の発熱を利用するもので、電子レンジや高周波ミシンをはじめ、木材の乾燥や接着、さらにビニル、繊維製品、ゴム製品などの加工のほか、菓子類の防黴(ぼうかび)、米菓の膨化、乾燥食品の製造、冷凍肉の解凍などに用いられる。誘導加熱は、電磁誘導によって生ずる二次電流のジュール熱を利用するもので、数キロ~1メガヘルツの周波数は鋼表面の焼入れ、鉄の溶解などに用いられ、1メガヘルツ以上の周波数は真空中の微量金属の加熱・溶解などに用いられる。 [岩田倫典] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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