Notice board - Notice board

Japanese: 高札 - こうさつ

〘noun〙① A signboard on which rules, regulations, prohibitions, etc. are written and hung in a conspicuous place such as a market, a crossroads, a roadside intersection, a bridgehead, or a ferry. It was made to quickly disseminate laws, and can already be seen from the end of the Nara period, but those from the Edo period are particularly famous. Depending on the content, they were classified as parent-child signs, Christian signs, poison signs, cheap fare signs, fire signs, gang signs, pilfering signs, and port signs. Abolished in February 1873 ( Meiji 6 ). Regulation signs. Takafuda. [Bunmeihon Setsuyoshu (Muromachi period)] ※Nippo Jisho (1603-04) "Cǒsat (Kausatsu) . Taka fuda" ※Joruri, Oyamauba (c. 1712), 5 "Minamoto no Yorimitsu leaves it to the imperial decree to make a high-ranking sign (Kausatsu) " ② The highest bid among the bids. Takafuda. ③ A word used to refer to a letter written to another person with respect. A letter. ※Jitsura Koki - May 1498 (Meiō 7) (Konan-in Ryusyo Letter) "Takasatsu oyetsukou" [Additional notes] It is not possible to determine whether the reading of the kanji in ① and ② is "kousatsu" or "takafuda". Except for old dictionaries, there are few definite examples of "kousatsu" in the Middle Ages, and it seems that "takafuda" was the norm.

Taka-fuda [high notice]

〘noun〙① In the Middle Ages and early modern times, wooden signs were erected in front of temples and shrines or in places with a lot of foot traffic, listing prohibitions , laws , rules , and criminal offenses. Some were for personal reasons. A sign. A sign. ※Heiji (around 1220), vol. 2: "A high-ranking sign was erected with the author, Kamata Masaie, written on it." ※Taiheiki (late 14th century), vol. 12: "The high-ranking sign read, 'A man of Ootanomiya (abbreviated ) commits robbery in the daytime, and is to be executed.'" ※Joruri, Kaijin Yashima (around 1685), vol. 3: "After surviving many women, he entered the country of Oota. A high-ranking sign was erected there." ② Something with a high bid price. A sign. ※Ukiyo-zoshi, Todaimon Mansion (1705) 1 "The magistrate of construction summoned Yomo Shiro, and there was no notice to be placed on the takafuda, but there was a definite notice on the yasatsu." [Additional notes] Regarding ①, "takafuda" can be read as "takafuda" or "kousatsu", but in the Middle Ages, there are few definite examples of "kousatsu" except for old dictionaries. → Additional notes on "kousatsu (takafuda)"

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① 掟、条目、禁制などを板に書き、市場、町辻、追分、橋詰、渡し場など、人目につきやすい場所に掲げたもの。法を迅速に周知させるため作られたもので、すでに奈良末期からみられるが、江戸時代のものが特に有名。内容により、親子札、キリシタン札、毒薬札、駄賃札、火事場札、徒党札、抜荷札、浦高札などに分けられた。明治六年（一八七三）二月撤廃。制札。たかふだ。〔文明本節用集（室町中）〕※日葡辞書（1603‐04）「Cǒsat(カウサツ)。タカフダ」※浄瑠璃・嫗山姥（1712頃）五「源の頼光、勅宣の御高札(カウサツ)に任せ」② 入札の中で価格の最も高いもの。たかふだ。③ 他人を敬って、その書簡をいう語。お手紙。※実隆公記‐明応七年（1498）五月紙背（江南院龍霄書状）「高札畏悦候」[補注]①②の漢字の読みは「こうさつ」か「たかふだ」か確定できない。古辞書類を除いては、中世に「こうさつ」の確例は少なく、「たかふだ」が一般的だったと思われる。

たか‐ふだ【高札】

〘名〙① 中世・近世で、禁制(きんぜい)・法度(はっと)・掟書(おきてがき)・犯罪人の罪状などを記し、寺社の門前や人通りの多い場所に立てた板札。私事によるものもあった。立札。こうさつ。※平治（1220頃か）下「作者に鎌田政家と書きたる高札をこそ立てたりけれ」※太平記（１４Ｃ後）一二「其の高札(タカフダ)に『大塔宮の候人〈略〉昼強盗を致す間、誅する所也』とぞ書かれたりける」※浄瑠璃・凱陣八島（1685頃）三「おほくのなんじょをしのぎつつ、ではの国に入給ふ。是にたかふだの立て有」② 入札価格の高いもの。こうさつ。※浮世草子・棠大門屋敷（1705）一「普請奉行、与茂四郎を召れ、銘々高札におく書なし、その方安札に慥かなるおく書」[補注]①に関して、「高札」は「たかふだ」とも「こうさつ」とも読めるが、中世では古辞書類を除いては「こうさつ」の確例は少ない。→「こうさつ（高札）」の補注

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