Gao Huan - Exchange

The powerful man in the Eastern Wei dynasty of China. The official history states that he was from a famous Han clan, but he is believed to have been of Xianbei descent. He held a lowly position in Huaishuo Town on the northern border of the Northern Wei dynasty, but participated in the Rebellion of the Six Towns, and then surrendered to the powerful Erzhu Rong and became his powerful general. After Rong's death, he seized control of the former rebels in Northern Wei who had surrendered to Rong, and allied with the powerful Han clans of Hebei to overthrow the Erzhu clan and install Emperor Xiaowu. Emperor Xiaowu fled to Yuwen Tai, who was based in Guanzhong, and installed Emperor Xiaojing and moved the capital to Ye, splitting the Northern Wei dynasty into the Eastern and Western dynasties. During the Eastern Wei Dynasty, he was the Grand Prime Minister and Commander in Chief of the military in and around China, and established his office in Jinyang. He confronted Yuwen Tai of the Western Wei Dynasty, while dispatching his eldest son Gao Cheng to Ye to control the court and suppress the nobles. Emperor Wenxuan Gao Yang, who later established the Northern Qi Dynasty, was Huan's second son.

[Keifumi Kubozoe]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、東魏(とうぎ)の実権者。正史には漢人名族出身と記すが、鮮卑(せんぴ)種と思われる。北魏北辺の懐朔鎮(かいさくちん)の卑職にあったが、六鎮(りくちん)の乱に参加、ついで実力者爾朱栄(じしゅえい)に降(くだ)ってその有力な部将となった。栄の死後、栄に降伏していた北鎮の旧反乱民を掌握し、河北の漢人豪族と結んで爾朱氏を打倒し、孝武帝を擁立した。孝武帝が関中に拠(よ)る宇文泰(うぶんたい)のもとに奔(はし)ると、孝静帝をたてて鄴(ぎょう)に遷都させ、北魏は東西に分裂した。東魏において彼は大丞相(じょうしょう)、都督中外諸軍事として晋陽(しんよう)に府を開き、西魏の宇文泰と対峙(たいじ)する一方、長子の高澄(こうちょう)を鄴に派遣して朝廷を制肘(せいちゅう)し、諸功臣の抑圧を遂行した。のちに北斉(ほくせい)を建てた文宣帝高洋は歓の第2子である。

［窪添慶文］

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