Public meeting (English: public meeting)

Japanese: 公開集会 - こうかいしゅうかい（英語表記）réunion publique

In general, it refers to a public meeting with unspecified participants, as opposed to a private meeting, which is a gathering of specific participants, but here it refers to the assembly movement that formed the core of the anti-imperialist mass movement at the end of the Second Empire in France and was the starting point of the Paris Commune. As part of the policies of the so-called "Free Empire" at the end of the Second Empire, the Law on Public Meetings of June 6, 1868, recognized freedom of assembly, although with restrictions. Public meetings were legally divided into public non-political meetings and public electoral meetings, the former of which were prohibited from dealing with political and religious themes, and the latter of which could only be held during election times and were limited to voters in the electoral district.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

一般的には特定の参加者からなる集会である私的集会に対して，不特定の参加者を前提とする公開の集会をいうが，ここではフランスの第二帝政末期の反帝政大衆運動の中核をなし，パリ･コミューンの出発点ともなった集会運動を指す。第二帝政末期のいわゆる〈自由帝政〉の政策の一環として，1868年6月6日の公開集会に関する法律によって，制限つきではあるが，集会の自由が認められた。公開集会は，法的には，公開非政治集会と公開選挙集会に分けられ，前者では政治と宗教に関するテーマを扱うことが禁じられ，後者では開催できるのは選挙の時期に限られ，参加できるのは選挙区の有権者に限定されていた。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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