Colloidal particles cannot be separated from colloidal solutions by normal filtration using filter paper (filter paper holes are usually 0.002-0.005 mm, colloidal particle size is 0.000001-0.0002 mm). A special filtration method is used to separate colloidal particles from the dispersion medium, and this process is called ultrafiltration. Most commonly, collodion membranes are attached to cloth or unglazed porous plates, or semipermeable membranes such as formalin-hardened gelatin membranes, silicic acid membranes, or cellophane membranes are used, and filtration is carried out at normal pressure or reduced pressure (or increased pressure). Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
コロイド溶液はろ紙を用いる通常の方法でろ過してもコロイド粒子をろ別することはできない(ろ紙の穴はふつう0.002~0.005mm,コロイド粒子の大きさは0.000001~0.0002mm)。コロイド粒子を分散媒から分離するには特別なろ過方法が用いられ,この操作を限外ろ過という。最も普通には布や素焼の多孔板などにコロジオン膜をつけたもの,あるいはホルマリンで硬化したゼラチン膜やケイ酸膜,セロハン膜などの半透膜を用い,常圧ないし減圧(あるいは加圧)でろ過する。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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