This insect belongs to the family Formicidae in the order Hymenoptera of the Insecta class. It is found throughout Japan, the Korean peninsula, China, and other areas. The body length of workers is about 5 mm, and that of queens is about 10 mm. The body is black-brown, covered entirely in soft hairs, with sparse setae. This is the most common type of ant, and builds nests deep underground in bare soil or grassland. It protects aphids in order to lick their honeydew, but is also highly carnivorous (eating mainly insect corpses). Winged ants fly out in July and August. Its closely related species include the Hayashikuroyamaari, Yamakuroyamaari, and Takanekuroyamaari, which live in flatland forests, subalpine zones, and alpine zones above 2,500 meters, respectively. [Yamauchi Katsunori] [References] |©Daishouji Kei "> Major types of ants [specimen illustrations] ©Toshio Sekiguchi "> Three types of black mountain ants ©Yoshitaka Morikami "> Life of the black mountain ant Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
昆虫綱膜翅(まくし)目アリ科に属する昆虫。日本各地および朝鮮半島、中国などに分布する。体長は働きアリで約5ミリメートル、女王で10ミリメートルぐらい。体は黒褐色で、体全体は軟毛で覆われ、剛毛がまばらに生える。もっとも普通にみられるアリで、裸地や草地の土中深く巣をつくる。アブラムシの甘露(蜜(みつ))をなめるために、それを保護するが、肉食性(おもに昆虫の死骸(しがい)などを食べる)も強い。羽アリは7、8月に飛び出す。近縁種にハヤシクロヤマアリ、ヤマクロヤマアリ、タカネクロヤマアリがいるが、それぞれ平地の林地、亜高山帯、2500メートル以上の高山帯にすみ分けている。 [山内克典] [参照項目] |©大聖寺慶"> アリのおもな種類〔標本画〕 ©関口俊雄"> クロヤマアリの3型 ©森上義孝"> クロヤマアリの生活 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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