A South Caucasian language. It is also called Georgian. It is the official language of Georgia and is the most important language spoken by about 3.65 million people in Georgia, parts of Azerbaijan, northwestern Turkey, and rural areas of Isfahan Province in Iran. Dialectally, it is divided into eastern and western parts. The oldest inscription dates back to the 5th century. New Georgian standard was established in the mid-19th century based on the eastern dialect. It has 5 vowels and 28 consonants, and is known for its ergative grammar (suffix -m, -ma), which is characteristic of Caucasian languages. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
南カフカス諸語の一つ。ジョルジア語(ジョージア語)ともいう。ジョージア(グルジア)の公用語で,ジョージアを中心に,アゼルバイジャンの一部,トルコ北西部,イランのイスファハン州の農村部など,約 365万人によって使われている有力な言語。方言的には東部と西部に二分される。最古の碑文は 5世紀にさかのぼる。新グルジア標準語は東部方言を元に 19世紀中頃になって確立した。5母音,28子音をもち,文法上は,カフカスの言語の特徴である能格 ergative(語尾-m,-ma)をもっていることで知られる。
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