A town in northern French Guiana, northern South America. It is located at the mouth of the Kourou River, about 50 km northwest of the capital Cayenne. It served as a French penal colony from 1854 to 1944. In the 19th century, about 15,000 French people came to live here, believing it to be the legendary El Dorado, but all of them died of disease and starvation within two years. The main industry is agriculture, with coffee, cacao, tropical fruit, and livestock farming being carried out. In 1970, the Equatorial Space Center of the European Space Agency (now the European Space Agency ESA) was built, and it has been the launch base for Ariane rockets since 1979. Since 1984, it has been operated by the French private company Arianespace, which is contracted to launch more than half of the world's commercial satellites. It is connected to Cayenne by road. Population 6,465 (1990). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
南アメリカ北部,フランス領ギアナ北部の町。首都カイエンヌの北西約 50km,クールー川河口に位置する。 1854~1944年フランスの流刑植民地として機能。 19世紀にはここを伝説の黄金郷エルドラドと信じた約1万 5000人のフランス人が来住したが,2年以内に病気と飢餓のため全員死亡したという歴史もある。主産業は農業で,コーヒー,カカオ,熱帯果樹などの栽培と牧畜が行われるが,70年近くにヨーロッパ宇宙ロケット開発機構 (現ヨーロッパ宇宙機関 ESA) の赤道宇宙センターが建設され,79年からアリアンロケットの打上げ基地となっている。 84年からはフランスの民間会社アリアンスペース社が運用,世界の半分以上の商業衛星打上げを請負っている。カイエンヌと道路で連絡。人口 6465 (1990) 。
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