Warehouse - Kurayaku

Japanese: 倉役 - くらやく
Warehouse - Kurayaku

In the Middle Ages, taxes were levied on the doso, a type of usury financial institution. Also called doso-yaku. An early example was the "doso tax" imposed in the late Kamakura period as a cost for rebuilding the mikoshi (portable shrine) of Hiyoshi Shrine in Omi (present-day Shiga Prefecture). The most famous and permanent tax was the "rakuchu-hen sanzaidoso and sakaya-yaku" (tax on scattered doso and sake breweries in the Kyoto region) imposed by the Muromachi shogunate in 1393 (Meitoku 4). The tax was collected by the nosenkata (tax collectors) of the shogun's storehouse, depending on the number of pawned items. Similar taxes are also known to have existed in the territories of nobles and feudal lords during the Sengoku period, as well as within the precincts of temples and shrines.

[Masayoshi Kawachi]

"Research on Medieval Temple Society" by Mamoru Shimosaka (2001, Shibunkaku Publishing)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

中世、高利貸金融業者である土倉(どそう)に賦課された課役。土倉役とも。鎌倉後期、近江(おうみ)(現、滋賀県)日吉社神輿造替(ひえしゃみこしぞうたい)の費用として「土倉課役(かやく)」が課されたのが早い例で、最も有名で恒常的なものとして知られるのが、室町幕府によって1393年(明徳4)に設定された「洛中辺土散在土倉并酒屋役(らくちゅうへんどさんざいどそうならびにさかややく)」である。その徴収には、公方御倉(くぼうおくら)で構成される納銭方(のうせんかた)が質物の員数に応じてあたった。その他、公家(くげ)領や戦国大名領、さらに寺社境内においても同様の役の存在が知られる。

[河内将芳]

『下坂守著『中世寺院社会の研究』(2001・思文閣出版)』

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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