It is an animal of the order Chiroptera, family Vespertilionidae. It is also known by other names such as the house bat, red bat, and aphid, and is called the bat rat in the Aomori region. It is found in the Korean peninsula, China, Taiwan, and in Japan, from Honshu to Amami Oshima and Okinawa. Its wingspan is about 20 centimeters, its head and body length is 40-60 millimeters, and its forearm length is 30-35 millimeters. The upper side of its body is gray-brown, the underside gray-yellow, and in young animals it is black. Its ears are about 10 millimeters long, with rounded tips and wide bases, and a spatula-shaped tragus in front of them. It is the most common residential bat, and lives in groups of several to 20, sometimes up to 100, in the attics, between tiles, door pockets, and in the exhaust vents of modern high-rise buildings. From April to November, they leave their roosts while it is still light in the evening and fly erratically at a height of 5 to 10 meters above the ground in riverbanks, grasslands, gardens, etc., preying on small insects such as flies, mosquitoes, and stink bugs. They give birth to 1 to 4 young per litter, the most prolific of any chiroptera in Japan. They hibernate from December to March of the following year. Similar species include the forest-dwelling forest long-eared bat P. endoi and the larger pipistrelle P. savii , of which several instances have been recorded in caves and human dwellings. [Yoshiyuki Mizuko] [Reference] |© Hidehiko Tamagawa "> Major types of bats (1) [specimen illustrations] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
哺乳(ほにゅう)綱翼手目ヒナコウモリ科の動物。イエコウモリ、アカコムリ、アブラムシなどの別名があり、青森地方ではコウモリネズミとよばれる。朝鮮半島、中国、台湾および日本では本州から奄美(あまみ)大島、沖縄本島まで分布する。翼開長20センチメートルほどで、頭胴長は40~60ミリメートル、前腕長は30~35ミリメートルである。体の上面は灰茶色、体の下面は灰黄色、幼獣は黒色を帯びる。耳は長さ10ミリメートル内外で先が丸く、基部が幅広く、その前にへら形をした耳珠(じしゅ)がある。もっとも普通にみかける住家性のコウモリで、もっぱら人家の屋根裏、瓦(かわら)の間、戸袋、近代的な高層建築では排気孔などに数頭から20頭、ときに100頭ほどの群れで生息する。4月から11月まで、夕方明るいうちにねぐらを飛び出し、川原、草原、庭などの地上5~10メートルの高さを不規則に飛翔(ひしょう)しながら、ハエやカ、カメムシなど小形の昆虫を捕食する。1産1~4子で、日本の翼手類のうち、もっとも産子数が多い。12月から翌年の3月まで冬眠する。近似種に、森林にすむモリアブラコウモリP. endoiと、洞窟(どうくつ)や人家から数例記録があるオオアブラコウモリP. saviiがある。 [吉行瑞子] [参照項目] |©玉川秀彦"> コウモリのおもな種類(1)〔標本画〕 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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