Quisling - Vidkun Abraham Lauritz Jonssøn Quisling

Norwegian politician. Since 1918, he worked as an army captain, collecting intelligence on the Soviet Union. From 1931 to 1933, he served as Minister of Defense in the Farmers' Party cabinet. In 1933, he organized the anti-communist National Union Party, but lost the parliamentary election. In 1939, he approached the Nazis and received financial support. The following year, after Germany occupied Norway, he volunteered to be Prime Minister, even though Hitler did not approve the collaboration plan. However, Norwegian resistance did not subside, and he was transferred to a minor position by Commissioner Terboven. However, using his position as the only party president approved by Hitler, Quisling was able to appease the Nazis, and in 1942 he became Prime Minister of the Council of Commissioners and Ministers, which was dominated by National Union Party members. He took the lead in nazifying churches and schools, persecuting Jews, and organizing collaboration forces against Germany, which led to conflict with the resistance. He had an utopian plan to have Norway play a part in the German Confederation under German command. After Norway was liberated, he was tried and executed for war crimes.

[Miho Oshima]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

ノルウェーの政治家。1918年以来陸軍大尉としてソ連関係の情報の収集活動に従事。1931～1933年農民党内閣で国防相を務め、1933年に反共政党国民連合党を組織するが国会選挙に敗退。1939年ナチスに接近し、資金援助を受けた。翌1940年ドイツの自国占領後、対独協力計画がヒトラーに認可されなかったにもかかわらず、自ら首相に名のり出たが、ノルウェーの抵抗は鎮まらず、弁務官テルボーベンによって閑職に移された。だが、ヒトラーの容認した唯一の党総裁であるとの立場を利用してクビスリングはナチス側を懐柔し、1942年国民連合党員が大多数を占める弁務官大臣会議の首相に就任。率先して教会、学校のナチス化、ユダヤ人迫害、対独協力部隊の編成を行い、レジスタンスと対立。ドイツ指揮下のゲルマン連邦の一翼をノルウェーに担わせるという夢想的計画を抱いた。ノルウェー解放後、戦犯裁判で処刑された。

［大島美穂］

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