Kim Yun-sik

A politician in the final years of the Yi Dynasty in Korea. His pen name was Junkyung and his pen name was Unyang. He was a man of pure breeze. He studied under the politicians and thinkers Pak Gye-su and Yu Shin-hwan, and passed the civil service examination in 1874. After being dispatched to Tianjin as a royal emissary in 1881, he held important government positions and promoted an opening-up policy based on relations with Qing. He was exiled to Micheon County for six years from 1887, but was called back to serve as Minister of Foreign Affairs in the Kim Hong-jip administration after the Sino-Japanese War. After the government was overthrown in the Rokanbanseong Incident in February 1896 (when King Gojong and the Crown Prince left the palace and stayed at the Russian legation in Seoul until February of the following year), he was exiled to Jeju Island and Jido Island for nine years from 1898. He subsequently held positions such as Director General of the Bureau of Imperial Household Institutions and Chairman of the Central Council, and was awarded the title of Viscount at the time of Korea's annexation, and in 1915 was given the Academy Prize. He was also involved in the national movement as chairman of the Kiko Society, leader of the Heungsadan, and director of the Education Club. During the March 1st Independence Movement, he sent a long letter to the Japanese government calling for independence, and was stripped of his title. His books include "Unyangji", "Unyang Zokuji", "Inseongsa" and "Zoku Inseongsa".

[Harada Tamaki]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

朝鮮、李朝(りちょう)末期の政治家。字(あざな)は洵卿(じゅんけい)、号は雲養(うんよう)。清風の人。政治家・思想家の朴珪寿(ぼくけいじゅ)と兪莘煥(ゆしんかん)に学び、1874年に科挙に及第した。1881年に領選使として天津(てんしん)に派遣されて以降、政府の要職につき、清(しん)との関係を基軸に開国政策を進めた。1887年から6年間、沔川(べんせん)郡に流配されたが、日清戦争後ふたたび登用されて金弘集(きんこうしゅう)政権の外務大臣を務めた。1896年2月の露館播遷(ろかんばんせん)（国王の高宗と王世子が王宮を出て、ソウルのロシア公使館に翌年2月まで移った事件）によって同政権が倒されると、1898年から9年間、済州島と智(ち)島に流配された。その後、帝室制度局総裁、中枢院議長などを歴任し、韓国併合の際に子爵を授けられ、1915年には学士院賞を与えられた。民族運動にも畿湖(きこ)学会会長、興士団団長、教育倶楽部(くらぶ)部長などとしてかかわった。三・一独立運動に際しては日本政府に独立を求める長書を送って爵位を剥奪(はくだつ)された。著書に『雲養集』『雲養続集』『陰晴史』『続陰晴史』などがある。

［原田　環］

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