A group of animals that constitutes a single phylum in animal taxonomy. They are considered to be closely related to pouched animals and flatworms, and are also called antlers and endocrine animals. A small group that includes bryozoans, all of which are marine except for some freshwater species. There are colonial and solitary species, and colonial species grow on the surfaces of various fixed objects. Solitary species, with a few exceptions, attach to the body surface or the inner walls of the burrows of other animals, or live free. Their bodies are 0.2 to 10 millimeters long, and consist of a calyx and a long, slender stalk below it, and are short rod- or racket-shaped. The calyx is the main body of the body, and has a row of tentacles on the upper edge or upper front edge, within which the mouth, excretory hole, genital hole, and anus are found. The calyx contains the U-shaped digestive tract consisting of the esophagus, stomach, intestine, and terminal intestine, as well as the excretory organs, reproductive organs, and ganglia. The stalk contains muscular tissue, and in free-living species, special organs of locomotion are located at its lower end. There are hermaphroditic and dioecious species, and they reproduce asexually by budding and sexually by eggs. The eggs are fertilized internally and are laid as trochophoran larvae. In most species, the larvae undergo metamorphosis to become adults, but some species reproduce as larvae. Colonial species have a strong regenerative ability, but regeneration has not been confirmed in solitary species. Furthermore, colonial species tend to have a wide distribution due to their ecological characteristics, while solitary species tend to show strong host selectivity, so their distribution is regulated by the host. [Konno Kazuhiro] When the stalk that stands upright from the stalk bends, the cup-shaped calyx at the end looks like a bell, hence the name. It is also called Umiudonge. © Underwater Fort Enterprise, Isamu Soyama "> Bryozoan (ecology) ©Kanzo Otawa "> Schematic diagram of the body structure of the bryozoan Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
動物分類学上、一門を構成する動物群。袋形(たいけい)動物や扁形(へんけい)動物に近縁の動物群と考えられており、曲虫類や内肛動物(ないこうどうぶつ)ともよばれている。スズコケムシなどを含む小群で、一部の淡水産のほかはすべて海産である。群体性と単体性の種があり、群体性のものは各種の固定物の表面に着生する。単体性の種は、一部を除いてほかの動物の体表または棲管(せいかん)内壁に付着するか、あるいは自由生活をしている。体は0.2~10ミリメートルで、萼(がく)部とその下の細長い柄部よりなり、短棒状かラケット状をしている。萼部は体の本体で、上縁または上前縁に1列の触手冠があり、その中に、口、排出孔、生殖孔、肛門(こうもん)が開いている。萼部には、食道、胃、腸、終腸よりなるU字状の消化管、排出器、生殖器、神経節などがある。柄部には筋組織があり、自由生活をする種ではその下端に特殊な移動器官がある。 雌雄同体の種と雌雄異体の種があり、繁殖は出芽による無性生殖と卵による有性生殖を行う。卵は体内で受精し、トロコフォラ型幼生で産み出される。幼生は大部分の種では変態して成体になるが、一部の種では幼生生殖を行う。群体性の種は強い再生能力をもつが、単体性のものでは再生は確かめられていない。また、群体性の種は生態的性質から広い分布を示す傾向があり、単体性の種は宿主に対する強い選択性を示す傾向があるので、分布はその宿主に規制される。 [紺野一碩] 走根から直立する柄部が屈曲すると、その先の椀形の萼部が鈴を振るようにみえるのが名の由来である。ウミウドンゲともいわれる©水中フォート・エンタープライズ 楚山いさむ"> スズコケムシ(生態) ©大多和鐘三"> スズコケムシの体制模式図 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
…Many folk performing arts have themes that are d...
A freshwater fish belonging to the Epiceratodus fa...
...Due to this demand structure, supply and deman...
Also called the weighted average. When the values...
…In a flow that varies over time, the images capt...
An evergreen small shrub of the Xanthaceae family....
Year of death: 22 January 1863 (11 March 1863) Yea...
This type of agriculture is located far from marke...
... B . curviflora Hook.et Arn.f.venefera (Makino...
Please see the "Virginia Oysters" page....
In the broad sense, it refers to carbides, but is ...
...For about 10 years from 1925, she made a great...
The governing body of the men's professional t...
This crab belongs to the family Heikebani, order ...
A bulbous plant of the Oxalidaceae family (APG cl...