Kino Haseo - Kino Haseo

A Chinese scholar and poet of the early Heian period. He entered university at the age of 15 and studied under Miyako no Yoshika. In 876 (Jogan 18), he was appointed Monjosho (a student of literary studies), and the following year he left Ryoko's school, where he had long been unfortunate, to enter the private school of Sugawara no Michizane. In 883 (Gangei 7), he passed the examination (preparation) for the Tokugosho (a student of literary studies). He served in various Confucian positions, including Hakase (doctor of literary studies) and Shikibu no Sho (junior assistant minister of the Ceremonies), and in 894 (Kanpei 6), he was appointed as a deputy envoy to Tang China together with Michizane (the ambassador). He later served as a councilor, and in 911 (Engi 11), he became Chunagon Jusanmi (junior councilor of the Third Rank), and was known as Ki no Gon. In the midst of the conflicts between scholars and writers that had been emerging since the latter half of the 9th century, he sided with the increasingly isolated school of poets, and was highly recognized for his poetic talent by its leader, Michizane, who was also his best understanding friend. While his works, such as "Hakucho-o" and "Shiraishi Sensei-den," have a strong tendency toward hermitage and secludedness, his literary activities were diverse, and he also enthusiastically attempted to compose poetry in various styles. In addition to ancient fragments of a copy of the poetry anthology "Kikashu," he has left us with nearly 100 poems and prose. Later, he was made the protagonist of stories about the supernatural, and many of his stories are told in the picture scroll "Hase Yukyo Soshi," as well as in "Godansho" and "Konjaku Monogatarishu."

[Hideo Watanabe]

"Kawaguchi Hisao, 3rd Edition: Research on the History of Japanese Chinese Literature in the Heian Period, Vol. 1" (1975, Meiji Shoin)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

平安前期の漢学者、漢詩人。15歳で大学に入学し都良香(みやこのよしか)に師事した。876年（貞観18）に文章生(もんじょうしょう)に補され、翌年、長く不遇であった良香の門を離れ菅原道真(すがわらのみちざね)の私塾に入門。883年（元慶7）文章得業生(とくごうしょう)試（対策）及第。文章博士(はかせ)、式部少輔(しきぶのしょう)などの儒職を歴任し、894年（寛平6）には道真（大使）とともに遣唐副使に任じられた。のち参議を経て911年（延喜11）中納言従三位(ちゅうなごんじゅさんみ)となり、紀納言とよばれた。9世紀後半以来顕在化する学者文人間の対立抗争のなかで、孤立化する詩人派にくみし、その総帥であった道真に高く詩才を認められ、またそのもっともよき理解者でもあった。『白箸翁(はくちょおう)』『白石先生伝』のような神仙・隠逸的傾向の強い著作に特色をみせる一方、さまざまな様式の作詩を意欲的に試みるなど、その文学的活動は多彩であった。詩文集『紀家集』の古写断簡を遺存するほか100編近い詩文を伝える。のち、怪異説話の主人公とされ、絵巻『長谷雄卿草紙』のほか、『江談抄(ごうだんしょう)』『今昔(こんじゃく)物語集』などに多くの説話が伝えられる。

［渡辺秀夫］

『川口久雄著『3訂　平安朝日本漢文学史の研究　上』（1975・明治書院）』

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