Share of food - share of food

Japanese: 食いわけ - くいわけ
Share of food - share of food

…And two species of herons that live on the same beach and eat different sizes of fish have the same habitat but different foods. This is sometimes called food segregation, but as mentioned above, it is not possible to draw a clear line between this and habitat segregation. Because of examples like this, the concept of habitat segregation, which is originally between closely related species, has been extended to apply to species that are not closely related, and the term is often used to describe the food segregation of giraffes, antelopes, and rhinos.

From [Biological Community]

...Generally speaking, it is recognized that the grazing chain predominates in aquatic areas (especially the offshore oceans), while the detritus chain predominates on land (especially forests).
[Competitive Exclusion and Discrimination]
Any direct or indirect interactions that occur when individuals compete for a niche are commonly called competition. In some narrower senses, the term is used only when total demand exceeds supply, or when at least one of the individuals is harmed, or when the difference in survival value between the two individuals increases, but in practice these conditions are often not met.

*Some of the terminology that refers to "eating sharing" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…そして,同一の海岸で大きさの異なる魚を食べる2種のサギでは,生息環境はまったく同一で食物だけが異なっている。このような場合を〈食いわけfood segregation〉と呼ぶこともあるが,上記のようにそれとすみわけとの間にはっきりした線を引くことはできない。このような例があるために,本来は近縁種間についてのすみわけ(食いわけ)概念が,近縁でない種の間にまで拡張して適用され,キリン,アンテロープ,サイの〈食いわけ〉といった用法もしばしば見られる。…

【生物群集】より

…そして一般的にいえば,水域(とくに海洋の沖帯)では生食連鎖が卓越し,逆に陸上(とくに森林)では腐食連鎖の卓越することが認められている。
[競争的排除と食いわけ,すみわけ]
 複数の個体がある生態的地位を求めているときに生じる直接,間接の相互作用は,どんなものであれ,ふつう競争competitionと呼ばれている。もう少し狭義の用法もあって,合計要求量が供給量を上回るときに限ったり,そのうえ少なくとも一方が害を受けるときに限定したり,また,双方の生存価の差が拡大する場合に限ったりすることもあるが,実際には限定条件においそれとあてはまらない場合が多い。…

※「食いわけ」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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