The law of the country to which a ship or aircraft belongs. Ships and aircraft must be registered in a country and are considered to have the nationality of the country of registration, which is displayed on the ship's mast or aircraft's wing by the flag. Flag law is important in private international law as the governing law for international legal relations regarding ships and aircraft, and the idea of applying it is called flag state principle. There is no explicit provision in Japanese legal precedent, but it is recognized in case law and academic theory. Flag state law is invoked as the governing law for legal issues surrounding ships and aircraft that arise in areas without law, such as the success or effectiveness of salvage on the high seas and the success or effectiveness of torts that occur on board a ship sailing on the high seas. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
船舶や航空機が所属する国の法律。船舶や航空機はいずれかの国で登録されなければならず,その登録国に国籍があるものとされ,その国籍は国旗によって船舶のマストや航空機の翼に表示される。旗国法は船舶や航空機に関する渉外的法律関係の準拠法として国際私法上重要であり,それを適用する考え方を旗国主義という。日本の法例には明文の規定はないが,判例や学説で承認されている。公海における海難救助の成否や効力,公海を航行中の船舶内で生じた不法行為の成否や効力のように,法律のない地域で生じた船舶や航空機をめぐる法律問題の準拠法として旗国法が援用される。
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