Kiranin, MM - Kiranin

Japanese: キラニン，M.M. - きらにん

…Following this, all major international tennis tournaments became open, and this marked the accelerated collapse of the British tradition of amateurism. In the Olympic Games, amateurism was still emphasized during the time of President Brundage (1952-72) after the war, but after President M.M. Killanin became president (1972), the IOC took a more realistic approach, and at the General Assembly in 1974, it significantly revised the eligibility regulations for participants in the Olympic Charter, removing the definition of amateur, and allowing athletes to receive necessary expenses and advertising fees, provided that the sports organizations in question were in charge of managing them. As a result, the word "amateur" completely disappeared from the entire Charter, and the Olympics became "a sports festival for athletes (competitors) from around the world." …

From the Olympics

…Then, in October 1979, the IOC Executive Board, held in Nagoya, approved the membership of the Chinese Olympic Committee, and, in exchange for allowing Taiwan to remain, decided to change its name to the Taipei Olympic Committee of China and not to use the flag and anthem of the Republic of China. China, which had already completed prior consultations with IOC President Kiranin, immediately agreed to the treatment of Taiwan, but Taiwan was dissatisfied and filed a lawsuit in a Swiss court to invalidate the Executive Board's decision, but withdrew it midway through. In March 1981, a Taiwanese representative and IOC President Samaranch met at the IOC headquarters in Lausanne, where Taiwan accepted the name Taipei China and promised to establish a new flag and song, temporarily resolving the China problem in the Olympics that had lasted for a quarter century since 1956. This method of coexistence between China and Taiwan was welcomed by the international sports world as the "Olympic method," and the IFs of various sports, including track and field, used this method to realize exchanges between China and Taiwan one after another. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Kiranin, MM" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…これにならって，世界の主要な国際テニス大会はすべてオープン制になり，イギリス伝統のアマチュアリズムは，この一角から崩壊を早めた。オリンピック大会では，戦後もブランデージ会長時代(1952‐72)には依然としてアマチュアリズムが強調されていたが，キラニンM.M.Killanin会長就任(1972)後，IOCは現実路線をとり，74年の総会でオリンピック憲章の参加者資格規定を大幅に改正し，アマチュアの定義を削除し，当該競技団体が管理することを条件に，選手が必要経費や広告出演料などを受け取ることを承認した。従って，憲章全文から〈アマチュア〉の字句は完全に消滅し，オリンピックは〈世界のアスリート(競技者)のスポーツ祭典〉となった。…

【オリンピック】より

…そして79年10月，名古屋市で開催されたIOC理事会は，中国オリンピック委員会の加盟を承認し，台湾についてはその残留を認める代わりに，名称を〈中国･台北オリンピック委員会〉と変更し，〈中華民国〉の国旗と国歌を使用させないことを決定した。すでにキラニンIOC会長と事前協議を終えていた中国は直ちに台湾処遇に合意したが，台湾はこれを不満とし，スイスの裁判所に理事会決議無効の訴えを起こしたが，途中で取り下げ，81年3月台湾の代表とサマランチIOC会長がローザンヌのIOC本部で会見，台湾は〈中国･台北〉の呼称を受諾し，新しい旗と歌の制定を約束して，56年以来四半世紀にわたるオリンピックの中国問題は一応の解決を見た。この中国と台湾の共存方式は，〈オリンピック方式〉として国際スポーツ界から歓迎され，陸上競技をはじめ，各スポーツのIFが，次々とこの方式で中国と台湾の交流を実現した。…

※「キラニン，M.M.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

<<: Kirapajun - Kirapajun

>>: Killard - Killard