Generally, it is used as a translation of Gemeinschaft, one of the typological concepts of society created by German sociologist Tönnies. It is a society bound together by human will as an inherent natural state, that is, the will of essence (Wesenwille). It is considered to be a real and organic life form. It contrasts with the opposing concept, Gesellschaft (interest society), which is a society considered to be an abstract and mechanical formation in which individuals are bound together by the will of choice (Kürwille) to achieve their own goals. [Tetsuo Ninomiya] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
一般に、ドイツの社会学者テンニエスがつくった社会の類型概念の一つであるゲマインシャフトGemeinschaftの訳語として用いる。本来的な自然な状態としての人間の意志、つまり本質意志Wesenwilleによって結合された社会である。実在的で有機的な生命体と考えられる。対概念であるゲゼルシャフトGesellschaft(利益社会)が、諸個人が互いに自己の目的を達成するために選択意志Kürwilleによって結合した、観念的で機械的な形成物と考えられる社会であるのと対している。 [二宮哲雄] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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