...The purpose of this system is to realize a national minimum and equal educational opportunities. From the viewpoint of realizing the ideal of equal educational opportunities, regional inequalities in education expenses per student are particularly problematic, and in order to correct this, the idea of fiscal neutrality in education has been advocated, which states that the level of educational opportunities for each student should not be determined by local financial capabilities. Increasing demand for education tends to promote the expansion of the scale of education finance and the centralization of authority, but from the perspective of the appropriate allocation of social resources to the education sector, the argument that market principles should be introduced into education finance, and that excessive investment in education expenses should be prevented and efficiency in operation should be improved by combining public funding and private management of the education system, has attracted attention as an idea for educational finance policy. ... *Some of the terminology used in reference to "fiscal neutrality in education" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…この制度は教育についてのナショナル・ミニマムと教育の機会均等の実現を目的とするものである。 教育の機会均等の理念の実現という見地からは,生徒1人あたりの教育費の地域的不平等が特に問題とされるが,その是正のために,生徒一人一人の教育の機会の水準が地方財政能力によって左右されてはならないとする教育の財政中立主義fiscal neutralityの考え方が提唱されている。教育への要求の増大は教育財政の規模の拡大と権限の集中化を促す傾向をもっているが,これに対しては社会資源の教育部門への適正配分という観点から,教育財政について市場原理を導入し,いわば教育制度の公費負担と民間経営とを組み合わせることによって教育費への過剰投資を防止し,運用の効率化をはかるべきだとする主張が,教育財政政策の理念として注目をあつめている。… ※「教育の財政中立主義」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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