[EC4.6.1.1]. Also called adenylyl cyclase or adenyl cyclase. An enzyme that catalyzes the reaction of converting ATP as a substrate into cAMP and pyrophosphate. An enzyme that synthesizes cAMP, the second messenger of many neurotransmitters and hormones. When a ligand binds to a receptor, GDP bound to the G protein is exchanged for GTP, and this protein activates adenylate cyclase, causing a series of reactions in which the intracellular concentration of cAMP increases. Protein kinase (A kinase), which is activated by cAMP, phosphorylates intracellular proteins, and other reactions occur, causing the cell to respond. Source: Asakura Publishing Nutrition and Biochemistry Dictionary Information |
[EC4.6.1.1].アデニリルシクラーゼ,アデニルシクラーゼともいう.ATPを基質として,cAMPとピロリン酸に変換する反応を触媒する酵素.多くの神経伝達物質やホルモンの第二メッセンジャーであるcAMPを合成する酵素.リガンドがレセプターと結合するとGタンパク質に結合しているGDPがGTPと交換され,このタンパク質がアデニル酸シクラーゼを活性化し,cAMPの細胞内濃度が上昇するという一連の反応が起こり,cAMPによって活性化されるタンパク質キナーゼ (Aキナーゼ)が細胞内のタンパク質をリン酸エステル化するなどの反応が進行して細胞が応答する.
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