Kibishu

Japanese: 羈縻州 - きびしゅう
Kibishu

In short, it is a traditional foreign policy that uses both the carrot and the stick to minimize the depletion of national power, while maintaining a close relationship with China so as not to alienate it, while promoting national prestige. This policy is symbolically expressed in the Tang Dynasty, which, for example, established the Yanran Protectorate after defeating Xue Yantuo to control northern Han, and placed six commanderies and seven prefectures under it, avoiding direct rule and allowing a large degree of autonomy for each ethnic group (Jixiu Prefecture). This strategy was effective when the nation was at its peak, but once the national power weakened, it was prone to inviting the alienation of other ethnic groups.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Kyokushu" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…要するにあめと鞭を使い分けながら国力の消耗を極力おさえ,ただ中国から離反しないようつかず離れずの関係を維持しながら国家の威信を発揚していく伝統的な対外政策である。この政策が象徴的に現れているのは唐朝のそれであり,たとえば漢北を統御するにあたり薛延陀(せつえんだ)を滅ぼしたあと燕然都護府を置き,その下に六都督府,七州を配して,直接支配を避け各民族の自治を大幅に認めている(羈縻州)。この方策は国家隆盛のときには効果的であるが,いったん国力が弱まれば異民族の離反を招きやすいものであった。…

※「羈縻州」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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