Antiarrhythmic agent. Alkaloid contained in the bark of cinchona trees of the Rubiaceae family native to South America. It is an isomer of quinine, a malaria treatment drug. It is used in the form of sulfate. It has a myocardial depressant effect, i.e., it reduces myocardial excitability and contractile force and extends the refractory period, thereby reducing the occurrence of ectopic stimulation. It also has an atropine-like effect, promoting pulsation, but this effect is weak. It is effective in treating atrial fibrillation and flutter. It is contraindicated in cases of intraventricular conduction system disorders, mitral valve stenosis, and digitalis overdose. Side effects include nausea, vomiting, visual impairment, and hypersensitivity reactions, similar to quinine. Caution is required as the action on the myocardium can cause ventricular arrhythmias and death. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
不整脈治療剤。南アメリカ原産アカネ科のキナノキ類樹皮に含まれるアルカロイド。マラリア治療薬キニーネの異性体である。硫酸塩の形で用いる。心筋抑制作用,すなわち心筋の興奮性および収縮力減弱,不応期延長作用があり,異所的刺激発生を減少させる。アトロピン様の作用も有し,拍動を促進するが,この作用は弱い。心房細動,粗動の治療に有効である。心室内刺激伝導系障害,僧帽弁狭窄症,ジギタリス過量投与時などには禁忌とされている。副作用は,キニーネと同様に悪心,嘔吐,視力障害などのほか,過敏性反応をきたすこともある。心筋に対する作用の結果,心室性不整脈をきたして死亡することもあるので注意を要する。
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