Company system - Kapanyasei-do (English spelling) company system

Japanese: カンパニー制度 - カンパニーせいど（英語表記）company system

Each division within a company is given the right to invest in equipment and manage personnel affairs, and capital is also allocated to them. However, they are also given management responsibility and are considered to be independent companies. In the United States, there is a method to create a separate company through a holding company system, but this is not yet permitted in Japan, so this company system is often used. Unlike the traditional divisional or business headquarters system, they are responsible not only for sales and periodic profits and losses, but also for investment income. While it is expected to improve management efficiency through quick decision-making, effective market response, and clarification of responsibilities, it also has problems such as difficulty in coordinating with the entire company. In Japan, Sony, Mitsubishi Corporation, Hitachi, Daiei, and others have introduced this system, but Sony announced a review of the system in January 1996.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

企業内の各事業部に設備投資や人事権などを与え，資本金も分与される。ただし，それにともなって経営責任も負わせ，独立した会社とみなす制度。アメリカでは持株会社制度によって別会社をつくる方法もあるが，日本ではまだ認められていないためこの方法のカンパニー制度がとられる場合が多い。従来の事業部制や事業本部制と異なり，売上高や期間損益だけでなく，投資収益上の責任も負う。迅速な意思決定，効果的な市場対応，責任の明確化による経営の効率化が期待できる反面，企業全体としての連携がとりにくいなどといった問題点もある。日本ではソニー，三菱商事，日立製作所，ダイエーなどが導入しているが，うちソニーは 96年1月，同制度の見直しを発表した。

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